When was the Province of Georgia established by British General James Oglethorpe?

British General James Oglethorpe established the Province of Georgia in Savannah on the 12th of February 1733. This settlement occurred one year after the colony was officially created by a charter from King George II.

What date did Georgia ratify the United States Constitution as the fourth state?

Georgia became the fourth state to ratify the United States Constitution on the 2nd of January 1788. Delegates from this province had previously joined others at the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia to unanimously approve the Declaration of Independence on the 4th of July 1776.

Georgia (U.S. state)

Q: How many Georgian soldiers died during the Civil War according to the script text?

The March to the Sea resulted in the deaths of 18,253 Georgian soldiers. These losses represented roughly one of every five men then serving in the Confederate army.

On the 12th of February 1733, British General James Oglethorpe established the Province of Georgia in Savannah. This settlement occurred one year after the colony was officially created by a charter from King George II. The Trustees for the Establishment of the Colony of Georgia in America designed an agrarian society known as the Oglethorpe Plan. They envisioned yeoman farmers and explicitly prohibited slavery within these early borders. In 1742, Spanish forces invaded during the War of Jenkins' Ear to challenge this new foothold. By 1752, the government failed to renew subsidies that had supported the struggling colony. The Trustees then turned control over to the crown, making it a royal colony. It became the last and southernmost of the original Thirteen Colonies. Delegates from this province joined others at the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia. They unanimously approved the Declaration of Independence on the 4th of July 1776. Georgia ratified its first constitution in February 1777. It became the fourth state to ratify the United States Constitution on the 2nd of January 1788.

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Georgia chose to leave the Union on the 19th of January 1861 to join the Confederacy. Major battles took place at Chickamauga, Kennesaw Mountain, and Atlanta during the Civil War. General William Tecumseh Sherman destroyed a large swath of the state from Atlanta to Savannah in December 1864. This March to the Sea resulted in the deaths of 18,253 Georgian soldiers. These losses represented roughly one of every five men then serving in the Confederate army. Andersonville Prison became one of the most notorious sites where nearly 13,000 Union prisoners died due to ill treatment. Henry Wirz, the camp's commander, was hanged for war crimes as the highest-ranking Confederate official executed. Federal troops remained stationed in the state until the end of Reconstruction in 1877. Georgia did not re-enter the Union until the 15th of July 1870. It stood as the last former Confederate state to be readmitted after years of political struggle. White Democrats regained power in the state legislature and passed a poll tax that same year. This measure disenfranchised many poor black people and some white citizens who could not register.

In 1908, the state established a white primary system that excluded black people from politics entirely. African Americans constituted 46.7% of the population in 1900 but dropped to 28% by the 1960s. Tens of thousands left the state during the Great Migration to industrial centers in the North. The Ku Klux Klan formed its second iteration at Stone Mountain on the 25th of November 1915. William Joseph Simmons revived the group partly due to the 1913 murder of Mary Phagan. Her killer Leo Frank, a Jewish pencil factory supervisor, was lynched two years later. This affair led to the creation of the Anti-Defamation League which successfully lobbied for Frank's posthumous pardon in 1986. Martin Luther King Jr., an Atlanta-born Baptist minister, emerged as a national leader in the civil rights movement. He joined others to form the Southern Christian Leadership Conference in Atlanta in 1957. Julian Bond became the first elected African American to serve multiple terms in the Georgia House of Representatives in 1965. In 1970, Governor Jimmy Carter declared in his inaugural address that the era of racial segregation had ended. Andrew Young won election to Congress in 1972 as the first African American Congressman since Reconstruction.

Georgia consists of five principal physiographic regions including the Blue Ridge Mountains and Piedmont plateau. Hot and humid summers are typical except at the highest elevations within these ranges. The state receives moderate to heavy precipitation ranging from central areas to approximately around the northeast part. The entire state experiences a humid subtropical climate with some exceptions in elevated mountain zones. The USDA plant hardiness zones range from zone 6b in the Blue Ridge Mountains to zone 8b along the Atlantic coast. The highest temperature ever recorded was 137 degrees Fahrenheit in Louisville on the 24th of July 1952. The lowest temperature reached minus 10 degrees Fahrenheit in northern Floyd County on the 27th of January 1940. An EF2 tornado hit downtown Atlanta on the 14th of March 2008 causing moderate to severe damage. Hurricane Matthew of 2016 and Hurricane Dorian of 2019 brushed the coastline without making landfall. Sea level rise threatens coastal areas because the land is sinking faster than many other states. Anthropogenic climate change continues to cause major disruption across the region.

Georgia's 2018 total gross state product reached $602 billion according to economic data. Fortune 500 companies like Home Depot, UPS, Coca-Cola, and Delta Air Lines maintain headquarters here. The Port of Savannah imported and exported 4.9 million TEUs for 2023 as the third-busiest seaport. Hartsfield, Jackson Atlanta International Airport moves over 650,000 tons of cargo annually through three complexes. Since 1972, over eight hundred films and 1,500 television shows have been filmed on location. Film production had an economic impact of $9.5 billion in fiscal year 2017 alone. Georgia became the number one producer of pecans globally thanks to Naomi Chapman Woodroof. Gainesville touts itself as the Poultry Capital of the World while producing the most chickens. Widespread farms produce peanuts, corn, and soybeans across middle and south Georgia regions. In November 2009, Kia Corporation began production at its first U.S. plant in West Point. Rivian plans to begin electric vehicle production at a facility in Social Circle in 2024.

The United States Census Bureau reported Georgia's official population to be 10,711,908 as of the 2020 census. This represented an increase of 1,024,255 residents or 10.57% over the previous decade. The state made up 3.23% of the total US population in 2020 compared to 3.14% in 2010. About half of Georgia's historical population was composed of African Americans who were almost exclusively enslaved before the Civil War. The Great Migration reduced this population significantly from 1914 to 1970. Today the state ranks third in percent of total population that is African American after Mississippi and Louisiana. Coastal areas developed unique Gullah-Geechee language and culture among African Americans imported from rice-growing regions of West Africa. The largest European ancestry groups as of 2011 included English at 8.1%, Irish at 8.1%, and German at 7.2%. According to Pew Research Center, religious composition showed 67% Protestant and 9% Catholic affiliation. Southern Baptist Convention held 1,759,317 adherents while United Methodist Church had 619,394 members. Approximately 23% of the state identified as irreligious according to a 2022 Public Religion Research Institute study.

Until 1964, Georgia maintained the longest unbroken record of single-party dominance by the Democratic Party. This record stemmed from disenfranchisement of most blacks and many poor whites through constitutional amendments. In 1908, an amendment required voters to pass literacy tests or own property worth $500. Any Georgian descended from a veteran of wars from the Revolution through the Spanish-American War was exempted. White one-party rule solidified for more than 130 years from 1872 to 2003. Roy Barnes lost the governorship in 2002 to Republican Sonny Perdue after Democrats retained control of the State House. Republicans then controlled all three partisan elements of state government following the 2004 election. The state narrowly elected Democrat Joe Biden for president in 2020 after voting Republican six consecutive times from 1996 to 2016. Brian Kemp won reelection by 7.5% over Democrat Stacey Abrams with a raw vote margin of over 300,000 votes in 2022. Georgia consists of 159 counties second only to Texas in number. It remains the only state with current sole-commissioner counties where legislative and executive authority vest in a single person.

Georgia (U.S. state).

War And Rejection

War And Rejection

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Georgia (U.S. state).

1. War And Rejection

1. War And Rejection

2. Segregation And Resistance

3. Mountains And Climate

4. Industry And Agriculture

5. People And Faith

6. Politics And Power

2. Segregation And Resistance

3. Mountains And Climate

4. Industry And Agriculture

5. People And Faith

6. Politics And Power

Continue Browsing

Common questions

War And Rejection

War And Rejection

Segregation And Resistance

Mountains And Climate

Industry And Agriculture

People And Faith

Politics And Power

Segregation And Resistance

Mountains And Climate

Industry And Agriculture

People And Faith

Politics And Power