Curated category
Member states of the Council of Europe
- United KingdomStonehenge in Wiltshire stands as a ring of stones, each about 13 feet high and weighing 25 tonnes. These massive structures were erected between 2400 BC and…
- ItalyIn 753 BC, a settlement named Rome emerged on the banks of the Tiber River in central Italy. This small community would eventually conquer the entire…
- MoldovaIn 1359, Prince Dragoș established the Principality of Moldavia along the Moldova River. This medieval state became a vassal to the Ottoman Empire in 1538…
- Georgia (country)The oldest traces of archaic humans in what is now Georgia date from approximately 1.8 million years ago. These remains belong to the Dmanisi hominins, a…
- SpainArchaeological research at Atapuerca indicates the Iberian Peninsula was populated by hominids 1.3 million years ago. Modern humans first arrived in Iberia…
- FranceThe name France comes from the Latin word Francia, meaning realm of the Franks. This tribal identity emerged as a Late Latin borrowing of the reconstructed…
- DenmarkThe northern Jutland peninsula meets an archipelago of 406 islands in Northern Europe. A circle enclosing the same area as Denmark would be 358 kilometers in…
- AzerbaijanThe name Azerbaijan traces back to Atropates, a Persian satrap under the Achaemenid Empire who was reinstated as the satrap of Media under Alexander the…
- GermanyAncient humans were present in the territory of modern Germany at least 600,000 years ago. The first non-modern human fossil known as the Neanderthal was…
- EstoniaThe Pulli settlement dates to around 9000 BC, marking the earliest known human habitation in Estonia. Glaciers of the last ice age melted between 13,000 and…
- NorwayThe name Norway emerged from the Old English word Norþweg, recorded in an account by Ohthere of Hålogaland around 890. This phrase meant northern way or way…
- BelgiumIn 54 BCE, Julius Caesar marched his legions into the northern part of Gaul to confront a people he called the Belgae. These tribes inhabited an area…
- TurkeyGöbekli Tepe stands as a stone monument older than Stonehenge, with some henges erected around 9600 BC. This site in southeastern Turkey predates the…
- IcelandThe island of Iceland sits directly on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a geological fault line where the Eurasian Plate and North American Plate drift apart.
- NetherlandsOn the 14th of December 1287, the St. Lucia's flood struck the Netherlands and neighboring Germany, killing more than 50,000 people in one of history's most…
- SwitzerlandThe name Switzerland derives from the canton of Schwyz, a small territory in the central Alps. The word Switzer appeared in English during the 16th century…
- UkraineStone tools discovered in Korolevo, western Ukraine, date back 1.4 million years, marking the earliest securely dated hominin presence in Europe.
- Czech RepublicArchaeologists uncovered the Venus of Dolní Věstonice in 1925, a ceramic figurine dating to approximately 29,000, 25,000 BCE.