When did the Maya civilization exist?
The Maya civilization existed from approximately 2000 BC until 1697 AD. This timeline spans from the formation of early polities in the 9th century BC to the fall of the last independent city, Nojpetén, in 1697.
Common questions about Maya civilization
Short answers, pulled from the story.
Who ruled the Maya civilization?
The Maya civilization was ruled by divine kings known as k'uhul ajaw who claimed to be the sole mediators between the mortal and supernatural realms. These rulers held absolute yet fragile authority that depended on successful military campaigns and complex rituals.
When did the Maya civilization collapse?
The Maya civilization experienced a widespread political collapse during the 9th century AD, with large swathes of the central Maya area abandoned within 50 to 100 years. The last Long Count date was inscribed at Toniná in 909, marking the end of the Classic period.
What writing system did the Maya use?
The Maya developed the most sophisticated writing system in the pre-Columbian Americas, using hieroglyphic writing to record history and ritual knowledge. Hieroglyphic writing was in use by the 3rd century BC, and only three uncontested screenfold books remain today.
When did the Spanish conquest of the Maya begin and end?
The Spanish conquest of the Maya civilization began in 1511 and ended with the fall of Nojpetén in 1697. This lengthy series of campaigns marked the end of independent Maya political power.