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Wanda Maximoff (Marvel Cinematic Universe)

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— CH. 1 · INTRODUCTION —

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Wanda Maximoff (Marvel Cinematic Universe)

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  • Wanda Maximoff, the character played by Elizabeth Olsen in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, spent two days buried in the rubble of her family's apartment in Sokovia, a country in Eastern Europe. A missile had just killed her parents. Her twin brother Pietro was trapped under the debris with her. A second missile, bearing the Stark Industries logo, arrived and never exploded. The twins lived in fear that it would still go off until they were rescued. Wanda did not know it, but she had cast a probability hex that turned the weapon into a dud.

    That hex hinted at an ability she would spend the rest of her story struggling to understand. Across seven films and one Disney+ series, Wanda is a test subject, an enemy of the Avengers, a member of the team, and a grieving woman with the power to rewrite reality.

    This documentary asks how she got there. What did a childhood spent watching American television have to do with it? What went wrong in a quiet New Jersey town called Westview? Why did two rival film studios argue over who could use her at all? And what does it cost a person to hold power that nobody ever taught her to control?

  • Wanda was born in 1989 in Sokovia, and she grew up with Pietro and their parents Oleg and Iryna in a small apartment during a war. Her father sold DVD box sets of American sitcoms. The family watched them to practice speaking English, hoping to emigrate to America one day. Wanda came to love the shows. That habit, born as a language lesson, would return in a very different form years later.

    The Stark Industries logo on the unexploded missile became the focus of the twins' trauma. The weapon had come from sales of Tony Stark's company, and the twins concluded that Stark himself was responsible for their parents' deaths. They believed he had profited from those weapons on purpose.

    As young adults, Wanda and Pietro took part in political protests in their city. They then volunteered for Hydra's enhancement program, which was overseen by Baron Wolfgang von Strucker. Hydra exposed the twins and many other test subjects to the Mind Stone. Wanda and Pietro were the only survivors. Wanda gained psychic abilities, and her magic was greatly amplified. During the experiments she caught a glimpse of herself as the Scarlet Witch. That name would not be spoken in the films for years, and only the marketing used it.

  • In 2015, Strucker called on Wanda to help fight Steve Rogers, who was arriving at Strucker's base. She found Tony Stark there and planted a nightmarish vision in his mind. Soon afterward, Ultron secured an alliance with the twins by exploiting their hatred of Stark.

    In Johannesburg, Wanda used visions to subdue Rogers, Natasha Romanoff, Thor and Bruce Banner. Clint Barton was the one Avenger she could not overcome, because he briefly incapacitated her. In Seoul, Ultron used the Mind Stone to enslave Dr. Helen Cho. He needed her synthetic-tissue technology, along with vibranium and the Stone, to build a new body. As Ultron uploaded himself into it, Wanda read his mind. She learned of his plan to cause human extinction, and she and Pietro turned against him.

    Skyward, the capital of Sokovia, became the final battleground. Ultron had used his remaining vibranium to build a machine that could lift a large section of the city. His plan was to crash it into the Earth. By then Thor had brought Ultron's discarded body to life as Vision. Wanda was overwhelmed by her part in the scheme until Barton befriended her and encouraged her to help stop it. She volunteered to guard the machine's core. Then she sensed Pietro's death and left her post to destroy Ultron's primary body, which let one of his drones activate the machine. Vision rescued her from the collapsing city. Wanda then went to the Avengers Compound and joined the team alongside Sam Wilson, James Rhodes and Vision.

    In 2016, Lagos tested her new loyalties. Brock Rumlow tried to steal a biological weapon from a lab there and detonated a suicide vest to kill Rogers. Wanda telekinetically contained the blast and threw it upward, but she accidentally killed several Wakandan humanitarian workers. Thaddeus Ross, the United States Secretary of State, then told the Avengers that the United Nations was preparing to pass the Sokovia Accords. The accords would create a UN panel to oversee and control the team.

    Stark had Wanda confined to the Compound, where Vision watched over her and the two began to develop romantic feelings. Barton later collected her on behalf of Rogers and Wilson. They picked up Scott Lang and met Rogers, Wilson and Bucky Barnes at the Leipzig/Halle Airport in Germany. Wanda significantly helped her side in the fight against Stark's team. Afterward she, Barton, Wilson and Lang were captured and held at the Raft, until Rogers broke them out.

  • At the Avengers Compound, Vision once found Wanda watching sitcoms in her bedroom after Pietro's death. He comforted her and told her that the grief she felt proved she still loved her family. The scene shows how far she had come from the twin who once wanted Stark dead.

    By 2018, Wanda and Vision were in a romantic relationship and hiding in Edinburgh. Proxima Midnight and Corvus Glaive, members of the Children of Thanos, ambushed them there. They had been sent to take the Mind Stone from Vision's forehead. Rogers, Wilson and Romanoff rescued the couple and brought them back to the Compound, where they reunited with Rhodes and Banner.

    Vision asked Wanda to destroy the Stone, but she refused because it would kill him. Rogers suggested Wakanda, which he believed had the resources to remove the Stone without killing Vision. While Shuri worked on the extraction, Wanda was told to stay and watch over the operation. She left anyway to help the Avengers fight the Outriders, and she killed Proxima Midnight in the process.

    When Thanos arrived for the Stone himself, Wanda reluctantly killed Vision and destroyed the Stone. Thanos used the Time Stone to reverse her act and tore the repaired Mind Stone from Vision's forehead. He knocked out a horrified Wanda and activated the completed Infinity Gauntlet. Wanda, along with half of all life in the universe, disintegrated in the event later called the Blip.

    Five years later, Wanda was resurrected and joined the Avengers and their allies against an alternate Thanos and his army from a 2014 timeline. She nearly defeated him before his forces blew her away. Stark later sacrificed himself to eliminate Thanos for good. A week afterward, Wanda attended Stark's funeral, where she reunited with Barton. She would go to S.W.O.R.D. the next day to claim what was left of Vision.

  • At the headquarters of S.W.O.R.D., acting director Tyler Hayward met Wanda when she came to retrieve Vision's body. She then watched Vision being dismantled and realized she could no longer sense him. She drove to Westview, New Jersey, to see a vacant lot Vision had purchased in 2018 for the two of them "to grow old in". Overcome with grief, she released waves of chaos magic that turned the town into a sitcom-themed false reality. A hexagonal barrier, later called the Hex, sealed it off from the outside world. Wanda materialized a new Vision with no memories and began living with him as a newly married couple.

    The neighbors of Westview were painfully forced to play sitcom stereotypes and were kept from their children. Wanda hid her powers and Vision's while trying to befriend them. Then she became visibly pregnant, and the pregnancy advanced at an accelerated rate. Monica Rambeau had been absorbed into the Hex and took the alias Geraldine. She helped Wanda give birth to twin boys, Tommy and Billy. When Rambeau mentioned Pietro and his death at Ultron's hands, Wanda telekinetically threw her out of Westview. Vision returned moments later and briefly appeared as a corpse before Wanda reset him.

    As the boys aged rapidly, S.W.O.R.D. sent an armed drone into the town to kill Wanda. She walked out of the Hex and warned Hayward to leave her alone. To make her point, she hypnotized his agents into turning their guns on him. Back in Westview, Vision learned the truth after briefly freeing one of Wanda's victims. A man claiming to be Pietro interrupted their argument, and Wanda briefly accepted him. At the town's Halloween festival, she admitted that she remembered nothing except feeling alone and empty. When Vision breached the barrier and began dying, Wanda expanded the Hex to save his life. The expansion also swallowed a nearby S.W.O.R.D. outpost and Darcy Lewis.

    Her neighbor Agnes then revealed herself as the sorceress Agatha Harkness. She forced Wanda to relive her most traumatic memories by threatening Tommy and Billy. Harkness told her she was the legendary Scarlet Witch, who wields chaos magic and can spontaneously alter reality. Harkness added that Wanda was even more powerful than the Sorcerer Supreme and was destined to destroy the world as the Harbinger of Chaos. The townspeople, freed from Wanda's influence, told her that her spell had forced them to feel her repressed grief and nightmares. Wanda nearly choked them all to death before bringing the Hex down so they could escape. She restored it when Vision and the boys began to disappear.

    The final fight with Harkness turned on a trap. Harkness seemed to absorb all of Wanda's magic but did not know that Wanda had placed protective runes at the Hex's borders. The runes neutralized Harkness's magic. Wanda claimed her identity as the Scarlet Witch, trapped Harkness in her Agnes persona and permanently brought down the Hex. She shared a tearful goodbye with her family and apologized to a sympathetic Rambeau. Wanda then fled to a mountainside cabin to study the Darkhold, a book of dark magic, until she heard "her sons" cry out for help.

  • By late 2024, the Darkhold had gradually corrupted Wanda. Also known as the Book of the Damned, it holds dark spells that the demon Chthon engraved on Mount Wundagore. It serves as an amplifier for chaos magic and lets its users draw energy from other dimensions. It also allows Dreamwalking, in which a person possesses alternate versions of themselves across the multiverse. Harkness had warned Wanda that the spells carry a hidden cost that differs by user and appears only after casting. For Wanda, her fingers turned black and she became obsessed with reuniting with her children across the multiverse.

    Through the book, Wanda learned that real versions of her sons existed in other universes. She also learned about America Chavez, a teenager who could freely travel the multiverse. Wanda secretly sent multi-dimensional creatures, including Gargantos, to kill Chavez. She planned to take the girl's powers, reach a reality where her sons were alive, and kill and replace her counterpart there. When Stephen Strange came to ask for her help in protecting Chavez, she accidentally revealed that she had been the hunter. She demanded that Strange hand the girl over. He refused, and Wanda attacked Kamar-Taj and killed most of its sorcerers. Wong, the Sorcerer Supreme, identified the Scarlet Witch as a being prophesied to either rule or destroy the multiverse.

    During the attack, Chavez accidentally sent herself and Strange to a universe called Earth-838. Wanda tried to follow by dreamwalking, but a surviving sorceress named Sara sacrificed herself to destroy a Darkhold and break the spell. Wanda forced Wong to lead her to a temple to Chthon on Mount Wundagore, the original source of the book's spells. Using the temple's magic, she restored her dreamwalk and took over her Earth-838 counterpart's body. In that universe, the counterpart had been living a peaceful suburban life with her children Tommy and Billy.

    The possessed Wanda broke into the headquarters of the Illuminati and killed most of them without hesitation. Strange and Chavez escaped with the help of the scientist Christine Palmer. The three entered the Gap Junction, a space between universes, to find the Book of the Vishanti, the antithesis of the Darkhold. Wanda appeared, destroyed the book and took over Chavez's mind. She sent Strange and Palmer to a post-incursion universe and opened a portal back to Earth-616.

    At Mount Wundagore, Wanda began to absorb Chavez's powers until a dreamwalking Strange urged Chavez to believe in herself. Chavez opened a portal to Earth-838, and the Billy and Tommy of that world saw Wanda choking Chavez. They ran from her and cried out for their real mother to protect them from "the witch". Wanda collapsed in grief. Her Earth-838 counterpart assured her that "they will be loved", and Wanda let Chavez, Wong and Strange leave. She then turned the Darkhold's dark magic on itself. The blast destroyed Mount Wundagore and every copy of the book across the multiverse, and it killed her.

    Other versions of Wanda also exist in the MCU, including some voiced by Olsen in the animated series What If...? (2021-2023). In one, a zombie Wanda becomes the Red Queen and leads a horde, then arrives in New Asgard as the self-styled Queen of Sokovia. In another, a medieval-themed universe, Wanda helps Captain Peggy Carter and Rogers Hood's crew of thieves take the Time Stone from King Thor's Scepter.

  • The Scarlet Witch first appeared in X-Men #4 in March 1964, alongside her twin brother Quicksilver. Both belonged to the Brotherhood of Evil Mutants and were portrayed as reluctant villains with no interest in Magneto's ideology. She was introverted and disdainful of her teammates.

    Stan Lee, author of the Avengers comic, then rebuilt the team's roster. He removed every member except Captain America and added villains from other comics. Hawkeye came from Iron Man's adventures in Tales of Suspense, while the Scarlet Witch and Quicksilver came from the X-Men. The group was nicknamed "Cap's Kooky Quartet". Such a roster change was completely unprecedented for a superhero team, and the Scarlet Witch stayed on as a lasting member.

    Some years later, the Avengers writer Roy Thomas began a long-running romance between the Scarlet Witch and the Vision. He believed it would help the series develop its characters. He picked them because they appeared only in the Avengers comic, so the romance would not interfere with other publications.

    A legal tangle awaited the screen version. In the 1990s, Marvel licensed the film rights to the X-Men and related concepts, such as mutants, to 20th Century Fox. Years later, Marvel built its own franchise around characters it had not licensed away, such as the Avengers. Both studios laid claim to Quicksilver and Scarlet Witch. Fox argued that they were mutants and children of Magneto, the villain of most of its films. Marvel argued that their editorial history tied them more closely to the Avengers.

    The studios reached an agreement under which both could use the characters. Neither could refer to the other's properties. Fox films could not call them Avengers, and Marvel films could not call them mutants or children of Magneto. Despite the deal, the Fox X-Men series never featured Scarlet Witch.

    The consequences shaped the screen version of Wanda. The films describe the twins as "enhanced humans" rather than the naturally occurring mutants of the comics. Even after Disney's acquisition of Fox and the X-Men franchise in 2019, Magneto had not been introduced into the MCU as of 2025. No one has mentioned Wanda as his daughter. Her Romani heritage, which appears in some comic versions, has not been shown either, so her ethnic background remains unestablished.

    Her powers were also different at first. Early on, she was described as less a wielder of true magic and more a Jean Grey analogue, gifted with telepathy and telekinesis from the Mind Stone experiments. WandaVision revealed her as a sorceress and the only being currently able to wield chaos magic. The MCU retroactively made that ability something she carried since birth, which the Mind Stone merely unlocked.

  • In May 2013, director Joss Whedon described Saoirse Ronan as his prototype actress for the part. By August of that year, Elizabeth Olsen had been cast. Whedon told her that she would never have to wear what the character wears in the comics, and the comic costume was set aside for casual clothing. Olsen and Aaron Taylor-Johnson, who played Pietro, both signed multi-picture deals.

    Olsen's first appearance as Wanda came in 2014, in the mid-credits scene of Captain America: The Winter Soldier. There the twins appear as prisoners of Strucker, played by Thomas Kretschmann. Whedon had drawn inspiration from dancers for how the character moves. As a result, Olsen trained mostly with the dancer Jennifer White in place of traditional stunt training. Olsen also drew on her relationships with her older brother and her sisters. She described Wanda as "overly stimulated" rather than mentally insane, because she knows too much and was never taught to control it.

    In Civil War, Olsen said, Wanda was coming into her own and struggling with how she wanted to use her abilities. The costume designer Makovsky kept her wardrobe relatively casual and more clothes-based than superhero-based. The Russo brothers felt Wanda was not yet a full-fledged Avenger. Early drafts of Infinity War and Endgame had her survive the Blip and play a bigger role in Endgame. The screenwriters dropped that idea because her story in the first film left her nothing to equal it in the second.

    By September 2018, Marvel Studios was developing limited series for Disney+ about second-tier characters who were unlikely to star in their own films. WandaVision, co-starring Paul Bettany as Vision, premiered in January 2021. Olsen was thrilled that the series centered Wanda instead of treating her as a supporting character. She was sold when Kevin Feige mentioned the specific comic storylines that inspired the show. The show let her explore the character's humor and sassiness. Mary Tyler Moore, Elizabeth Montgomery and Lucille Ball influenced her performance, and her costume changed with the styles of each sitcom decade. By the finale she wore a modernized version of her comic costume. Michaela Russell played Wanda as a child.

    In Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness, Olsen returned to an accent closer to Wanda's Sokovian heritage, after earlier films had moved toward an Americanized one. She tried to make the film honor the events of the series rather than the other way around.

    Critics took notice. Jen Chaney of Vulture wrote that Olsen and Bettany, once treated like benchwarmers on an all-star team, finally shone in WandaVision. Eric Deggans of NPR described a confused, grief-stricken product of experimentation who grows into one of the MCU's most powerful figures. Rachel Leishman of The Mary Sue was more critical of Wanda in the films, arguing that she was too often tied to a male character. Leishman still said that Infinity War and Endgame found the Wanda who understood her place on the team. Richard Roeper of the Chicago Sun-Times thought she had the most compelling arc in the Doctor Strange sequel.

    Olsen earned several accolades, including nominations for a Primetime Emmy Award and a Golden Globe Award. GameSpot ranked Wanda seventh in a list of 38 MCU superheroes. The writer judged that she may have taken her love for others too far in the latest Doctor Strange movie, but that her final choice proved she was a hero.

Updated

Common questions

Who plays Wanda Maximoff in the Marvel Cinematic Universe?

Elizabeth Olsen plays Wanda Maximoff. She first appeared in the mid-credits scene of Captain America: The Winter Soldier in 2014 and starred in the Disney+ series WandaVision in 2021.

How did Wanda Maximoff get her powers?

Wanda Maximoff volunteered for Hydra's experiments under Baron Wolfgang von Strucker, which exposed her to the Mind Stone. WandaVision later revealed she had carried the ability to wield chaos magic since birth, and the Mind Stone unlocked it.

What is the Hex in WandaVision and how did Wanda Maximoff create it?

The Hex is the hexagonal barrier around Westview, New Jersey, that Wanda Maximoff created while overcome with grief over Vision's death. Waves of chaos magic turned the town into a sitcom-themed false reality sealed off from the outside world.

Why did Wanda Maximoff attack Kamar-Taj?

Wanda Maximoff attacked Kamar-Taj after Stephen Strange refused to hand over America Chavez. Corrupted by the Darkhold, she wanted Chavez's multiverse-travelling powers to reach a universe where her sons were alive.

How does Wanda Maximoff die in Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness?

Wanda Maximoff turns the Darkhold's dark magic on itself, destroying Mount Wundagore and every copy of the book across the multiverse. The blast kills her. She acts after the Billy and Tommy of Earth-838 run from her in fear.

Why is Wanda Maximoff not a mutant in the MCU?

Marvel and 20th Century Fox both claimed the character, so they agreed that Marvel films could not call her a mutant or a child of Magneto. The films call Wanda Maximoff and her brother Pietro enhanced humans instead.

All sources

94 references cited across the entry

  1. 2BookMarvel Studios 100 Objects: Iconic Artifacts from the MCUTracey Miller-Zarneke — Dorling Kindersley Limited — 2024-10-03
  2. 3BookMarvel Studios' The Marvel Cinematic Universe: An Official TimelineAnthony Breznican et al. — DK — 2023
  3. 6BookMarvel Chronicle A Year by Year HistoryTom DeFalco et al. — Dorling Kindersley — 2008
  4. 7DeFalco "1960s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 108: "Stan Lee replaced Thor, Iron Man, Giant-Man, and Wasp with Hawkeye, Quicksilver, and Scarlet Witch".
  5. 9JournalShattered Dreams: Vision and the Scarlet WitchKaren Walker — TwoMorrows Publishing — December 2010
  6. 18Elizabeth Olsen Will Star in Captain America: Civil War!Zach Johnson — E! — April 23, 2015
  7. 26Avengers: Age of Ultron – How Powerful is Scarlet Witch?Max Nicholson et al. — March 30, 2015
  8. 32Elizabeth Olsen has big plans for Scarlet WitchBrian Truitt — October 3, 2015
  9. 37'WandaVision': Everything we know about Marvel's 'first sitcom'Ethan Alter — Yahoo! — November 5, 2019
  10. 39MagazineWelcome to the neighborhood: Meet WandaVision's major playersDevan Coggan — November 10, 2020
  11. 40MagazineThe Odd CoupleTara Bennett — January 2021
  12. 45MagazineThe Oral History of 'WandaVision'Brian Hiatt — June 1, 2021
  13. 53Scarlet Witch's Most Powerful Abilities, ExplainedFatima Ali Idrisoglu — May 12, 2022
  14. 59Scarlet Witch's Chaos Magic, ExplainedMolly Katz — February 23, 2022
  15. 60WandaVision: What Is The Darkhold?Stacey Henley — March 5, 2021
  16. 67Scarlet Witch's Comic Powers Compared To The MoviesThomas Bacon — October 25, 2019
  17. 68I Just Want to Share My Love for Wanda MaximoffRachel Leishman — April 29, 2019
  18. 69Marvel's WandaVision Is a Time-Traveling DelightJen Chaney — January 14, 2021
  19. 80Wave 2 Teen Choice Nominees!Teen Choice Awards
  20. 87'Ted Lasso' Leads 2021 TCA Awards NominationsJennifer Maas — July 15, 2021
  21. 96MTV Movie & TV Awards: Full List of WinnersKimberly Nordyke — May 7, 2023

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