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José Mourinho

Ch. 1 of 8
— CH. 1 · INTRODUCTION —

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José Mourinho

8 sections
  • José Mourinho walked into his first press conference as Chelsea manager in 2004 and made an announcement. "Please don't call me arrogant, but I'm European champion and I think I'm a special one." The British media did not call him arrogant. They called him the Special One, and the nickname followed him to every club that came after. The man behind it had been an unremarkable midfielder who retired at 24. He is now counted among the most decorated managers of all time. How does a player of that kind build such a record? Who taught him the trade, and what did he take from them? And why do his exits from clubs so often arrive wrapped in fines, bans and public feuds? The answers begin with a family that already lived around football.

  • Mourinho was born in 1963 in Setúbal, Portugal, into a large middle-class family. His father, José Manuel Mourinho Félix, was a goalkeeper known as Félix Mourinho. He played for Vitória de Setúbal and Belenenses and won one cap for Portugal in 1972. Later he worked as a manager and as a club director at Vitória. His mother, Maria Júlia Carrajola dos Santos, taught primary school.

    Mário Lêdo, the uncle who raised Mourinho's mother, supplied the family's comfort. Under António de Oliveira Salazar's Estado Novo, Lêdo came to control the sardine canning industry of Setúbal. He paid for Vitória's Estádio do Bonfim, built between 1953 and 1961. In 1975, after the Carnation Revolution, his assets were nationalised during the Ongoing Revolutionary Process. He kept a mansion in Aires near Palmela, and Mourinho grew up there with his parents.

    A failed mathematics exam in his final year of secondary school derailed Mourinho's plans. It stopped him finishing in time to enter the physical education college he wanted. He sat the special examination in September instead. His mother, believing business offered a better future, enrolled him in a private business school. He dropped out on his first day. He chose instead the Instituto Superior de Educação Física of the Technical University of Lisbon, known as ISEF, to study physical education.

    At ISEF he was taught by Manuel Sérgio, who had been chairman and deputy director of Belenenses from 1975 to 1977. Mourinho later called Sérgio's humanist approach to kinesiology formative. He went on to attend coaching courses run by the English and Scottish Football Associations. There, former Scotland manager Andy Roxburgh noticed his drive and his attention to detail. Mourinho wanted to change the role of the coach by mixing coaching theory with motivational and psychological techniques.

    Mourinho had joined the Belenenses youth team in the hope of following Félix's footsteps. He left in 1980 to sign for Rio Ave and play for the reserves. In 1981 his father arrived as first-team manager. Mourinho struck up a prolific partnership with veteran striker Mário Reis. According to former teammate Baltemar Brito, the pair scored around 100 goals, forty-seven of them Mourinho's.

    At Rio Ave, Félix rarely picked his son, so Mourinho spent much of his time scouting opponents. His debut came in the third round of the Taça de Portugal, a 2-1 extra time win over Salgueiros. On the last day of the season, champions-elect Sporting CP were the opponents. A defender was hurt in the warm-up and Mourinho was told to change. Club president José Maria Pinho feared accusations of nepotism and overruled the decision. Father and son left for Belenenses that summer.

    At Belenenses, Mourinho mostly played for the reserves. His day came in the second round of the Taça de Portugal. The opponents were Clube Desportivo de Vila Franca, an amateur side from São Miguel Island in the Azores. Belenenses led 8-0 at half-time. Mourinho came on and scored a hat-trick in a 17-0 win, still the club's biggest victory in that competition.

    When his father returned to Rio Ave, Mourinho stayed behind. He played in the lower levels of Portuguese football, first for Sesimbra and then for Comércio e Indústria, where he finished his career as captain. At that club he saved a teammate who had become trapped in a burning car. Mourinho judged that he lacked the pace and power to turn professional. After leaving his job as a physical education teacher, he went looking for a way into coaching in his hometown.

  • In the early 1990s Mourinho took a youth team coaching job at Vitória de Setúbal. He then became assistant manager at Estrela da Amadora and a scout at Ovarense. In 1992 a better chance appeared. Bobby Robson had been named manager of Sporting CP in Lisbon and needed an English-speaking local coach as his interpreter. Mourinho was presented to the press on the 7th of July, beside club president Sousa Cintra, Robson and Manuel Fernandes.

    By the time Sporting sacked Robson in December 1993, translation had grown into tactical conversation. When Porto named Robson head coach, Mourinho went along to interpret and to coach. The Porto squad included Ljubinko Drulović, Domingos, Rui Barros, Jorge Costa and Vítor Baía. Under Robson, with Mourinho as assistant, Porto reached the 1993-94 Champions League semi-finals and won that season's Taça de Portugal. They took the league in 1994-95 and 1995-96, and the Super Cup in 1994-1995 and 1996. The last of those was a 5-0 win over Benfica and Robson's final game at Porto. In Portugal it earned him the nickname "Bobby Five-O".

    In 1996 the two men moved to Barcelona. Mourinho became a visible figure on the staff by translating at press conferences, planning training sessions and offering tactical analysis of opponents. The pairing worked because the temperaments differed. Robson favoured attack and direct man-management, while Mourinho covered defensive options and loved detailed planning. The attack was led by a prime Ronaldo, whom Mourinho rates as the best player since Diego Maradona. Barcelona won the European Cup Winners' Cup, the Copa del Rey and the Supercopa de España that season.

    When Robson moved clubs the next season, Barcelona wanted to keep Mourinho, so he stayed. He and Robson stayed good friends. Mourinho recalled that "when you win, you shouldn't assume you are the team, and when you lose, you shouldn't think you are rubbish."

    Louis van Gaal became the new head coach. Mourinho learned from the Dutchman's conscientious style, and Barcelona won La Liga twice in Van Gaal's first two years. Van Gaal saw more than an assistant in his number two. He let Mourinho build an independent coaching style and gave him the Barcelona B team. For certain trophies, such as the Copa Catalunya won in 2000, Van Gaal even acted as Mourinho's assistant. The offer that ended this apprenticeship arrived from Lisbon in the autumn of 2000, and Van Gaal had firm advice about it.

  • Benfica appointed Mourinho in September 2000 to replace Jupp Heynckes, after the fourth week of the Primeira Liga. Van Gaal's advice, as Mourinho recalled it, was blunt: "No, don't go. Tell Benfica if they want a first-team coach you will go; if they want an assistant you will stay." The Benfica hierarchy wanted Jesualdo Ferreira as assistant. Mourinho refused and chose Carlos Mozer, a retired Benfica defender. Ferreira had once taught him at ISEF. Mourinho mocked the older coach: "This could be the story of a donkey who worked for 30 years but never became a horse."

    Weeks into the job, Bobby Robson offered him the assistant manager's role at Newcastle United. Robson even promised to step down after two years and hand over the team. Mourinho declined, saying he knew Robson would never leave a club he loved.

    Mourinho and Mozer proved popular, and they beat rivals Sporting CP 3-0 in December. Then Benfica's election turned against president João Vale e Azevedo, and the new president, Manuel Vilarinho, said he would install ex-player Toni as coach. Vilarinho had no plan to dismiss Mourinho at once. Mourinho used the win over Sporting to test his loyalty and asked for a contract extension. Vilarinho refused, and Mourinho resigned on the 5th of December 2000 after only nine league games. Vilarinho later admitted: "Only later I realised that one's personality and pride cannot be put before the interest of the institution we serve."

    In July 2001 Mourinho took over at União de Leiria. A 1-1 draw with Santa Clara on the 20th of January 2002 extended an unbeaten league run to eight matches. It had begun on the 25th of November 2001, with six wins and two draws. Leiria sat fourth, one point ahead of Porto, one behind Benfica and six behind the leaders. Larger clubs noticed.

    Porto chose him on the 23rd of January 2002 to replace Octávio Machado. The team was fifth in the league and out of the Taça de Portugal. It was last in its second group stage in the Champions League. A strong run of 15 games, including 11 wins, lifted Porto to third place. Mourinho promised to make Porto champions the following year.

    He picked the backbone of his ideal side: Vítor Baía, Ricardo Carvalho, Costinha, Deco, Dmitri Alenichev and Hélder Postiga. He recalled captain Jorge Costa from a six-month loan at Charlton Athletic. He signed Nuno Valente and Derlei from Leiria, Paulo Ferreira from Vitória de Setúbal and César Peixoto from Belenenses. Pedro Emanuel came from Boavista, and Edgaras Jankauskas and Maniche arrived out of contract from Benfica, the club he had walked out on.

  • In 2003 Mourinho delivered on his promise and won his first Primeira Liga title, with 27 wins, five draws and two defeats. Porto finished 11 points ahead of Benfica. Their 86 points out of a possible 102 was a Portuguese record under the three-points-for-a-win system, until Benfica collected 88 in 2015-16. In May 2003 Porto also won the Taça de Portugal, beating his former club Leiria in the final, and the UEFA Cup final against Celtic.

    The 2003-04 season brought more. Porto beat Leiria 1-0 in the one-match Portuguese Super Cup, then lost the UEFA Super Cup 1-0 to Milan, with Andriy Shevchenko scoring. In the league they went 27 matches unbeaten from the opening day until Gil Vicente beat them in early April. They finished with a perfect home record and an eight-point lead, and sealed the title five weeks before the end of the season. Benfica beat them in the 2004 Taça de Portugal final in May.

    Two weeks after that Taça defeat came the greater prize. Porto beat Monaco 3-0 in Germany to win the Champions League. Porto eliminated Manchester United, Lyon and Deportivo de La Coruña on the way. Their only defeat in the competition came against Real Madrid in the group round.

    The tie with United was the most dramatic. In the first leg, Roy Keane was sent off for stamping on Baía, and United manager Alex Ferguson confronted Mourinho afterwards. In the second leg at Old Trafford, Porto were about to go out on away goals. Then Costinha scored in the 89th minute to win the tie. Mourinho sprinted along the touchline, punching the air in front of his celebrating players.

    The rivalry with Ferguson moved with Mourinho to England, where it stayed competitive but respectful. After Chelsea won the Premier League in 2005, Ferguson had his players form a guard of honour at the next Old Trafford game. Mourinho returned the favour at Stamford Bridge in 2007, once Ferguson's team were confirmed champions.

  • Mourinho had been blunt about Liverpool and Chelsea. He said Liverpool interested everyone, while Chelsea interested him less because it was a new project built on heavy investment. He called it uncertain, since Roman Abramovich could pull out his money if the club failed to win everything. Liverpool then offered the job to Rafael Benítez, and Mourinho accepted a large offer from Abramovich. On the 2nd of June 2004 he joined Chelsea on a three-year contract. Porto received £1.7 million in compensation, and Mourinho became the first Portuguese manager in the Premier League.

    He brought his Porto staff: assistant Baltemar Brito, fitness coach Rui Faria, chief scout André Villas-Boas and goalkeeping coach Silvino Louro. He kept Steve Clarke, a long-serving former Chelsea player. Funded by Abramovich, he spent more than £70 million on transfer fees. Tiago cost £10 million and Michael Essien £24.4 million. Didier Drogba cost £24 million, Mateja Kežman £5.4 million, Ricardo Carvalho £19.8 million and Paulo Ferreira £13.3 million.

    By early December Chelsea led the Premier League and had reached the Champions League knockout stage. Mourinho won his first trophy in England, the League Cup, beating Liverpool 3-2 after extra time in Cardiff. Late in that match he was escorted from the touchline after putting a finger to his lips toward Liverpool fans who had taunted him. In the Champions League, Chelsea lost 2-1 at Barcelona and won 4-2 at home. Against Bayern Munich, Mourinho was banned from the stadium. He spoke to his players in the dressing room beforehand and left hidden in a laundry basket. A controversial goal by Liverpool, the eventual winners, ended Chelsea's run in the semi-finals.

    At home, Chelsea won their first top-flight title in 50 years. They set Premier League records of 95 points and only 15 goals conceded. The 2005 Community Shield brought a 2-1 win over Arsenal. A 3-0 win over Manchester United then clinched a second straight title. Mourinho threw Robert Huth's championship medal into the crowd. He was given a second medal for Huth within minutes and threw that into the crowd too.

    The 2006-07 season brought talk of a split. Reports suggested poor relations with Abramovich and a power struggle with sporting director Frank Arnesen and Abramovich's advisor Piet de Visser. Drogba had the best scoring season of his career. Newly signed Andriy Shevchenko was dropped and was not even on the bench for the Champions League semi-final at Anfield. German captain Michael Ballack arrived on a free transfer from Bayern Munich, and Eiður Guðjohnsen left for Barcelona. Chelsea beat Arsenal in the League Cup final at the Millennium Stadium. On the 1st of May 2007 Liverpool knocked them out of the Champions League on penalties, after a 1-1 aggregate draw.

    A 1-1 draw at Arsenal days later gave the Premier League title to Manchester United, Mourinho's first season without a league title in five years. In the 2007 FA Cup final, the first at the rebuilt Wembley, Chelsea beat United 1-0. It was his first FA Cup and meant he had won every domestic trophy open to a Premier League manager. Friction with Abramovich grew when Avram Grant was named director of football despite Mourinho's objections and was given a seat on the board.

    The 2007-08 season opened with a 3-2 win over Birmingham City, a record 64th consecutive home league match without defeat. The old record had belonged to Liverpool from 1978 to 1981. Defeat at Aston Villa and a goalless draw with Blackburn Rovers followed. Then Rosenborg held Chelsea 1-1 in the Champions League in front of 24,973 people, in an almost half-empty stadium that included an unimpressed Abramovich. On the 20th of September 2007 Mourinho left "by mutual consent". He had won six trophies in three years and had never lost a league game at home. The following summer, a club in Milan came calling.

  • Mourinho was appointed at Inter Milan on the 2nd of June 2008, succeeding Roberto Mancini, on a three-year contract. He brought much of his Chelsea and Porto staff and chose former Inter player Giuseppe Baresi as assistant. His first press conference was entirely in Italian, a language he claimed to have learned "in three weeks". Winger Mancini cost €13 million and Sulley Muntari a reported €14 million. Ricardo Quaresma cost €18.6 million plus the young midfielder Pelé.

    The 2008-09 season brought the Supercoppa Italiana, won on penalties against Roma, and then the league by a 10-point margin. UEFA was pushing big clubs to use more homegrown players, so Mourinho played 18-year-old Mario Balotelli often and promoted defender Davide Santon from the academy. Both teenagers earned their first senior trophy. Inter still disappointed some fans in the Champions League, with a 1-0 home loss to Panathinaikos and a draw at Anorthosis Famagusta. Manchester United beat them 2-0 on aggregate in the first knockout round. On the 16th of May 2009, Milan lost to Udinese and Inter mathematically had the title.

    By the 28th of July 2009 Mourinho was saying he would consider replacing Sir Alex Ferguson at Manchester United, if United wanted him. Meanwhile he rebuilt the squad. Diego Milito and Thiago Motta arrived. Samuel Eto'o and a reported £35 million came from Barcelona in exchange for Zlatan Ibrahimović. Wesley Sneijder came from Real Madrid as the playmaker Inter had lacked. Veteran Luís Figo retired after a final season in which Mourinho used him often.

    The start was shaky, with a 2-1 Supercoppa defeat against Lazio and a 1-1 draw with newly promoted Bari. Then Mourinho built a midfield around Sneijder, with Motta, Javier Zanetti and Dejan Stanković. Inter scored over 30 goals before the end of November, including a 4-0 win over Milan and a 5-0 win over Genoa. In December he was sent off at Juventus after sarcastically applauding the referee, and Inter lost 2-1.

    In the Champions League last 16, Inter beat his old club Chelsea 2-1 at San Siro and 1-0 at Stamford Bridge. In the league, a ban and a strained relationship with Balotelli contributed to seven points from six games, including a 3-1 defeat at Catania. On the 6th of April 2010 Inter reached the semi-finals despite losing 1-0 at CSKA Moscow. A Sneijder goal after six minutes decided the 2-0 aggregate. Mourinho became the first manager to take three different teams to the semi-finals of the Champions League.

    On the 28th of April 2010, Inter beat holders Barcelona 3-2 on aggregate despite a 1-0 defeat at Camp Nou. Mourinho called it "the most beautiful defeat of my life". It sent Inter into their first European Cup final in 38 years, since a loss to Ajax. He had a brief confrontation with Barcelona goalkeeper Víctor Valdés while trying to join the celebrations. Spanish newspaper Marca said he had passed the test to become Real Madrid's next coach.

    A 2-0 win at Lazio on the 2nd of May almost secured the Serie A title. On the 5th of May Inter won the Coppa Italia, beating Roma 1-0. On the 16th of May a 1-0 win over Siena clinched the league. On the 22nd of May they beat Bayern Munich 2-0 in the Champions League final, becoming the first Italian club to win the treble. The next day Mourinho said he was "sad, as almost for sure it's my last game with Inter". He added: "If you don't coach Real Madrid then you will always have a gap in your career." On the 28th of May a world-record compensation package was agreed, and Real Madrid had their man.

  • On the 31st of May 2010, Mourinho was unveiled at Real Madrid on a four-year contract, the club's eleventh manager in seven years. He was sporting manager as well as coach, and Spanish media called him a Galáctico, a term normally used for star players. Real had just lost to Segunda División B side Alcorcón in the Copa del Rey and to Lyon in the Champions League. They had still finished second in La Liga with a club record 96 points. Mourinho signed Sami Khedira for €13 million and Mesut Özil for €15 million. Ricardo Carvalho cost €8 million and Ángel Di María €25 million plus incentives.

    His first league game ended 0-0 at Mallorca on the 29th of August 2010. After missed chances, he warned: "One day some poor rival is going to pay for the chances we've missed today." The next match brought a 6-1 win over Deportivo de La Coruña, then a 4-1 win over Málaga and a 6-1 win over Racing Santander. But on the 29th of November Barcelona beat Real 5-0 at Camp Nou in his first Clásico. Florentino Pérez called it the worst game in Real Madrid's history. Sporting director Jorge Valdano criticised Mourinho for sitting on his bench most of the night.

    On the 30th of November 2010 Mourinho was fined £33,500 and banned for two Champions League matches. He had appeared to tell Xabi Alonso and Sergio Ramos to earn deliberate yellow cards in a 4-0 win over Ajax. On the 22nd of December he recorded the widest win of his career, 8-0 over Levante in the Copa del Rey. On the 20th of April 2011 Real beat Barcelona 1-0 in the Copa del Rey final at the Mestalla in Valencia. It ended an 18-year wait for the cup. A week later, in the Champions League semi-final, Pepe was sent off and Mourinho was sent to the stands. Lionel Messi scored two late goals, and the second leg ended 1-1.

    The 2011-12 season produced six wins in six Champions League group games, ending with a 3-0 win over Ajax on the 7th of December. It was the club's 15th straight victory, matching a record from 1961. On the 21st of April 2012 Real won 2-1 at Camp Nou for the first time since 2007. The match also set a league scoring record of 109 goals. Pep Guardiola conceded the title. In the Champions League semi-final Bayern Munich went through on penalties after Cristiano Ronaldo, Kaká and Ramos all missed. Bayern manager Jupp Heynckes said Mourinho's visit to his dressing room afterwards was "very noble".

    On the 2nd of May Real beat Athletic Bilbao 3-0 for the title. On the 13th of May a 4-1 win over Mallorca finished a record season. Real had 32 wins, 16 away wins, 100 points, 121 goals and a goal difference of +89. They finished nine points ahead of Barcelona. On the 22nd of May Mourinho signed a contract running to 2016.

    The 2012-13 season began with a Supercopa de España win on away goals over Barcelona, after a 4-4 aggregate draw. Mourinho had now won every domestic trophy available in Spain, and he was the first manager to do so in four European leagues. Borussia Dortmund beat Real 4-1 in the semi-final first leg. Two late home goals were not enough in the second leg. After it, Mourinho hinted at leaving, saying: "I am loved by some clubs, especially one. In Spain it is different, some people hate me, many of you in this press room."

    Fans split into camps called Mourinhistas and Madridistas. Mourinho clashed with Ramos and with captain Iker Casillas, whom he sidelined in 2013. He said Ronaldo "maybe thinks that he knows everything and that the coach cannot improve him anymore". Critics also pointed to his poking Barcelona assistant Tito Vilanova in the eye during a brawl. After losing the Copa del Rey final to Atlético Madrid on the 17th of May 2013, Mourinho called it "the worst of my career". Three days later, Florentino Pérez announced that he would leave by "mutual agreement". Chelsea, the club he had left in 2007, would announce him again within two weeks.

    Chelsea appointed him for a second time on the 3rd of June 2013, on a four-year contract. He told Chelsea TV: "Now I promise exactly the same things I promised in 2004 with this difference to add: I'm one of you." His first competitive game back, on the 18th of August 2013, was a 2-0 home win over Hull City. Twelve days later Chelsea lost the UEFA Super Cup to Bayern Munich on penalties, when Neuer saved Romelu Lukaku's kick.

    In January 2014 a goalless draw with West Ham United drew a jibe from him about "19th century football". He added that he could only have brought a Black and Decker to destroy their wall. In March the Chelsea Pitch Owners Association gave him share number 1. On the 19th of April 2014 he lost his first home league game as Chelsea manager, 2-1 to Sunderland. Chelsea finished third, four points behind Manchester City, and lost the Champions League semi-final to Atlético Madrid. He had also sold Juan Mata, the club's player of the year for the previous two seasons.

    The 2014-15 season opened with a 3-1 win at Burnley, the first competitive match for Diego Costa, Cesc Fàbregas and Thibaut Courtois. Didier Drogba returned from the bench. In January 2015 a 4-2 loss to League One side Bradford City ended hopes of a quadruple, and Mourinho called it a "disgrace". On the 1st of March Chelsea beat Tottenham Hotspur 2-0 in the League Cup final. On the 3rd of May they beat Crystal Palace to win the Premier League with three games left. Mourinho was named Premier League Manager of the Season, with only three defeats.

    He signed a new four-year contract on the 7th of August 2015, running to 2019. Chelsea then took just eleven points from their first twelve league games and lost on penalties to Stoke City in the League Cup. After losing nine of 16 league matches, they parted company with him "by mutual consent" on the 17th of December 2015. The club's statement called him a "much-loved, respected and significant figure".

    Manchester United signed Mourinho to a three-year contract on the 27th of May 2016. He won the Community Shield on the 7th of August, beating Leicester City 2-1. On the 11th of September, he lost his first Manchester derby 2-1 to Manchester City, his eighth defeat against Pep Guardiola. On the 23rd of October a 4-0 loss at Chelsea followed, and Mark Clattenburg sent him to the stands in a goalless draw with Burnley. United then beat Southampton 3-2 in the EFL Cup final at Wembley. Mourinho became the first United manager to win a major trophy in his debut season. On the 24th of May 2017 they beat Ajax 2-0 to win the Europa League. That kept intact his record of winning every major European Cup final he reached.

    In 2017-18 he added Romelu Lukaku, Victor Lindelöf and Nemanja Matić. United finished second, 19 points behind Manchester City, their best result since Alex Ferguson left five years earlier. A Champions League exit to Sevilla prompted a surprising twelve-minute speech defending his United career. Chelsea beat United 1-0 in the FA Cup final through an Eden Hazard penalty.

    The 2018-19 season started poorly, with a 3-0 home loss to Tottenham Hotspur, the heaviest home defeat of his career. Mourinho demanded "respect" and held up three fingers, one for each Premier League he had won. He said he had won more titles than the other 19 managers together. On the 20th of October 2018 at Chelsea, Marco Ianni celebrated a 96th-minute equaliser in front of the United bench. Mourinho tried to chase the Chelsea coach down the tunnel. On the 18th of December 2018 United sacked him, with seven wins in the first 17 league games.

    Tottenham Hotspur hired him on the 20th of November 2019, on a four-year contract, replacing Mauricio Pochettino. He drew attention in November 2019 by claiming that ball boy Callum Hynes had "assisted" Spurs' second goal in a 4-2 win over Olympiacos. Tottenham lost 4-0 on aggregate to RB Leipzig in the round of 16. On the 23rd of June 2020 he recorded his 300th English win. In October 2020 his team won 6-1 at Old Trafford, and a 2-0 win over Arsenal in December briefly put Spurs top. Everton knocked them out of the FA Cup 5-4 after extra time. On the 19th of April 2021 Tottenham sacked him after 17 months, days before the EFL Cup final against Manchester City. It was the first time since 2002 that he had left a club without a trophy.

    Roma appointed him on the 4th of May 2021, replacing Paulo Fonseca. On the 12th of September 2021 he managed his 1,000th game, a 2-1 win over Sassuolo. In October, Bodø/Glimt beat Roma 6-1, the first time a Mourinho team had conceded six. On the 5th of May 2022 Roma beat Leicester City in the Europa Conference League semi-final. Mourinho became the first manager to reach a major European final with four clubs. On the 24th of May, they beat Feyenoord in the final, Roma's first trophy in 11 years. He became the third manager, after Udo Lattek and Giovanni Trapattoni, to win all three major European trophies. He was the first to do it with the Champions League, the UEFA Cup or Europa League, and the Conference League.

    Financial rules held Roma's 2022-23 transfer spending to €7 million, though Paulo Dybala arrived on a free transfer after leaving Juventus. After a 4-0 defeat at Udinese, his largest in Serie A, he said he "preferred losing one match 4-0 than four matches 1-0". Mourinho argued that reaching the Champions League on that budget would be "more than a miracle", and his relationship with the directors cooled. Even so, on the 18th of May 2023 Roma beat Xabi Alonso's Bayer Leverkusen in the semi-final. That gave Mourinho a second consecutive European final, as at Porto in 2003 and 2004.

    He left Roma in 2024 and joined Turkish club Fenerbahçe in July 2024. He was sacked in August 2025 for failing to reach the Champions League. In 2015 the Portuguese Football Federation had named him Portuguese Coach of the Century. Admirers and critics alike compare him with Helenio Herrera, for his tactical knowledge and his preference for results over beauty. Mourinho now coaches Benfica, the club he left after nine league games in December 2000.

Updated

Common questions

Why is José Mourinho called the Special One?

At his first press conference as Chelsea manager in 2004 he said "I think I'm a special one", and the British media turned the remark into a nickname.

How did Mourinho start his career in football management?

After a modest playing career he worked as a youth coach, assistant and scout. In 1992 he became interpreter for Bobby Robson at Sporting CP, then worked with him at Porto and Barcelona.

Which clubs did Mourinho win major European trophies with?

Porto won the UEFA Cup and the Champions League. Inter won the Champions League. Manchester United won the Europa League. Roma won the Europa Conference League.

Why did Mourinho leave Benfica in 2000?

He asked new president Manuel Vilarinho for a contract extension after a 3-0 win over Sporting CP, was refused, and resigned on the 5th of December 2000 after nine league games.

What did Mourinho achieve at Inter Milan in 2010?

Inter won Serie A, the Coppa Italia and the Champions League, making them the first Italian club to win that treble.

All sources

460 references cited across the entry

  1. 1José MourinhoInter Milan
  2. 7NewsMourinho makes shock Chelsea exit20 September 2007
  3. 8News2009/10: Inter back on top at lastMichael Harrold — UEFA
  4. 13Mourinho appointed United managerManchester United — 27 May 2016
  5. 14The Club can today announce that Jose Mourinho and his coaching staff Joao Sacramento, Nuno Santos, Carlos Lalin and Giovanni Cerra have been relieved of their duties. #THFC #COYS
  6. 15NewsRoma 1–0 Feyenoord: Zaniolo strike wins the first Europa Conference League finalSam Honeyman — Union of European Football Associations — 25 May 2022
  7. 16NS Man of the year – Jose MourinhoJason Cowley — 19 December 2005
  8. 19NewsSitting prettyMark Honigsbaum — 1 August 2004
  9. 21NewsIt all adds up fine for Mourinho as Chelsea saunter onMatt Hughes — 22 November 2023
  10. 28NewsMourinho's invaluable lesson from his dadSam Wallace — 8 May 2015
  11. 29BookMourinho: Further Anatomy of a WinnerPatrick Barclay — Hachette UK — 2011
  12. 32NewsJose Mourinho: The Jose way27 February 2005
  13. 36NewsThe big feature: Jose MourinhoIan Hawkley — 9 May 2004
  14. 38NewsMourinho's Chelsea love affair finally endsJohn Ley — 20 September 2007
  15. 40Barcelona 1–0 Paris Saint-GermainUnion of European Football Associations
  16. 41NewsBattle of the BernabeuIan Hawkley — 21 May 2004
  17. 45NewsLow down on PortoJohn Sinnott — 18 September 2007
  18. 46NewsMourinho rejected Newcastle role30 November 2004
  19. 48Benfica 3 – 0 Sporting CPSoccerway — 3 December 2000
  20. 50NewsThe devil and José MourinhoJonathan Wilson — 22 December 2015
  21. 53Mourinho ready for Porto challengeUEFA — 23 January 2002
  22. 55NewsMourinho mocks Ferguson25 February 2004
  23. 59NewsFerguson pays tribute to Mourinho21 September 2007
  24. 60NewsMourinho would prefer LiverpoolSam Wallace — 22 April 2004
  25. 61NewsChelsea appoint Mourinho2 June 2004
  26. 63NewsWhat Mourinho said2 June 2004
  27. 68NewsMotion expert says Garcia's shot did crossNick Harris — 5 May 2005
  28. 70Jose:Respect for fans; Respect for Carling CupChelsea FC — 24 February 2007
  29. 74NewsInter confirm MourinhoSky Sports
  30. 76E' subito Mourinho-show. "Né speciale, né pirla"La Gazzetta dello Sport — 3 June 2008
  31. 81NewsInter agree Quaresma feeNadia Carminati — Sky Sports — 1 September 2008
  32. 84NewsInter suffer Italian Cup KO23 April 2009
  33. 95NewsInter claim first gong of the trebleESPN — 6 May 2010
  34. 96NewsMilito strike sets up Treble chanceESPN — 16 May 2010
  35. 97NewsBayern Munich 0–2 InternazionaleESPN — 22 May 2010
  36. 99Moratti e Perez, accordo per MourinhoInter Milan — 28 May 2010
  37. 103NewsMourinho exit would leave Real president in a holeIain Rogers — Reuters — 1 May 2013
  38. 109UEFA ban and fine Mourinho30 November 2010
  39. 114NewsReal Madrid 0–2 BarcelonaSaj Chowdhury — 27 April 2011
  40. 115NewsReserves keep Real perfectFIFA — 7 December 2011
  41. 116MagazineReal Madrid wins 3–0 to send Ajax out7 December 2011
  42. 117Real Madrid equals own record of 15 consecutive victoriesDiego Jabalquinto — Real Madrid CF — 7 December 2011
  43. 130NewsJose: Ronaldo thinks he knows it allDermot Corrigan — 5 June 2013
  44. 137NewsChelsea 2 Hull City 0Henry Winter — 18 August 2013
  45. 142NewsChelsea 1–2 Sunderland19 April 2014
  46. 143NewsJose Mourinho: Chelsea are not title contendersPhil McNulty — 3 February 2014
  47. 146NewsChelsea 2–4 Bradford CityMichael Emmons — British Broadcasting Corporation — 24 January 2015
  48. 147NewsChelsea 2–0 Tottenham HotspurPhil McNulty — British Broadcasting Corporation — 1 March 2015
  49. 148NewsChelsea 2–2 Paris St-Germain (aet)Phil McNulty — British Broadcasting Corporation — 11 March 2015
  50. 150NewsChelsea: Jose Mourinho and Eden Hazard win award doubleBritish Broadcasting Corporation — 22 May 2015
  51. 151NewsMourinho signs new contractChelsea FC — 7 August 2015
  52. 161Mourinho vs Guardiola26 October 2016
  53. 168Manchester United 0–0 SouthamptonAlex Bysouth — 30 December 2017
  54. 171NewsChelsea 1–0 Manchester UnitedPhil McNulty — 19 May 2018
  55. 181NewsTottenham Hotspur 2:0 West Ham UnitedPhil McNulty — 23 June 2020
  56. 187NewsTottenham 0–1 Chelsea23 February 2021
  57. 191Press releaseClub statementTottenham Hotspur F.C. — 19 April 2021
  58. 193Club statement: José MourinhoA.S. Roma — 4 May 2021
  59. 194Roma complete Ibanez additionA.S. Roma — 27 January 2020
  60. 195NewsTammy Abraham is Roma's new No. 9!A.S. Roma — 17 August 2021
  61. 196NewsMatias Vina completes Roma move!A.S. Roma — 8 August 2021
  62. 197NewsEldor Shomurodov completes Roma move!A.S. Roma — 2 August 2021
  63. 198NewsRui Patricio completes Roma moveA.S. Roma — 13 July 2021
  64. 211Mourinho: 'Inter are much stronger than Roma'Susy Campanale — 4 December 2021
  65. 213NewsMaitland-Niles completes Roma move!A.S. Roma — 8 January 2022
  66. 214NewsSergio Oliveira completes Roma moveA.S. Roma — 12 January 2022
  67. 218Jose Mourinho: 'A serial winner who has brought Roma to life'British Broadcast Corporation — 25 May 2022
  68. 228MADY CAMARA JOINS THE GIALLOROSSIRoma — 31 August 2022
  69. 229Diego Llorente completes loan moveAS Roma — 31 January 2023
  70. 243Jose Mourinho sacked by AS RomaThe Soccer Report — 16 January 2024
  71. 248NewsMourinho unveiled as new Fenerbahce head coachOmar Garrick — The New York Times — 2 June 2024
  72. 250Mourinho expects to be at Fenerbahce next seasonAdriana Garcia — 27 May 2025
  73. 252NewsMourinho sacked by Fenerbahce after CL exitPaul Battison — 29 August 2025
  74. 253Mourinho appointed Benfica managerBBC Sport — 18 September 2025
  75. 254Mourinho back where it all started at BenficaReuters — 18 September 2025
  76. 256Benfica José Mourinho FC Porto Post-match CupS.L. Benfica — 14 January 2026
  77. 257FC Porto 1-0 BenficaESPN — 14 January 2026
  78. 264Obrigado, José Mourinho!S.L. Benfica — 9 June 2026
  79. 265Official Announcement: José MourinhoReal Madrid CF — 11 June 2026
  80. 275Mourinho – Football Coach26 January 1963
  81. 276Mourinho – Football Coach26 January 1963
  82. 279Real Madrid's Tactics Without Higuaín: False 9's and the Modern StrikerGabe Lezra — Bleacher Report — 5 January 2011
  83. 295Sneijder explains Mourinho magicFootball Italia — 1 April 2013
  84. 300Zlatan Ibrahimovic Gives Explosive Views on Jose Mourinho and Pep GuardiolaBen Blackmore — Bleacher Report — 6 September 2013
  85. 301Eto'o on Mourinho: 'A unique coach'Football Italia — 11 October 2021
  86. 311NewsHow Portugal became a European super power in footballAndy Brassell — 9 June 2021
  87. 312NewsMourinho accuses Barca's Rijkaard27 February 2005
  88. 314Anders Frisk hangs up his whistleFIFA — 14 March 2005
  89. 321NewsMourinho regrets 'voyeur' comment23 December 2005
  90. 336NewsMourinho rails against 'intellectual prostitution'Kieran Daley — 4 March 2009
  91. 340NewsAnche la Nike celebra il 17esimo tituloTuttoMercatoWeb — 21 May 2009
  92. 341NewsMourinsho spara a zero: guarda tutti i videoCorrier Dello Sport — 3 March 2009
  93. 344Why Mourinho is raging at LippiDavid Gray — 20 August 2009
  94. 361NewsMourinho faces European ban over late red cards controversyJack Pitt-Brooke — 26 November 2010
  95. 372Mourinho: 'I Won't Talk About the Referee'Martin Mork — 3 November 2021
  96. 396NewsMourinho slams Spurs19 September 2004
  97. 399BookAtlante MourinhoFurio Zara — Baldini+Castoldi — 21 October 2021
  98. 400NewsLuxury CoachDenis Campbell — 30 May 2004
  99. 405NewsSales now more important than lettings says Winkworth bossDavid Callaghan — 17 April 2025
  100. 406NewsMourinho gives peace a chanceGareth A Davies — 27 March 2005
  101. 410NewsO Mourinho do PS27 September 2015
  102. 411NewsO "special two" que vai ser o Mourinho do TesouroRui Pedro Antunes — 25 November 2015
  103. 413NewsJose Mourinho: Portuguese man of phwooarRod Liddle — 23 September 2007
  104. 415NewsThe great dictatorPeter Conrad — 19 February 2006
  105. 416NewsMourinho's bitter taste of defeatHuw Turbervill — 12 December 2004
  106. 420NewsMourinho's dog heads to PortugalPeter Walker — 18 May 2007
  107. 421NewsWhat makes Mourinho tick?20 May 2010
  108. 424NewsJose Mourinho: Five top facts you might not knowBritish Broadcasting Corporation
  109. 428Squad 2000/2001ForaDeJogo.net
  110. 429Squad 2001/2002ForaDeJogo.net
  111. 430Squad 2001/2002ForaDeJogo.net
  112. 432José Mourinho, Chelsea manager profileBarclays Premier League
  113. 434NewsLiverpool 2–3 Chelsea27 February 2005
  114. 436"Onze Mondial" Awards21 January 2016
  115. 438Former ResultsInternational Federation of Football History & Statistics
  116. 440Mourinho named November Barclays Manager of the MonthPremier League — 11 December 2020
  117. 441Oscar del Calcio, i vincitoriSportlive.it — 19 January 2010
  118. 442NewsInter Triumph at AIC 2010 'Football Oscars'Inter Milan — 25 January 2011
  119. 443NewsJosé Mourinho Coach of the Month for AugustSerie A — 13 September 2022
  120. 444Mourinho vince ancora: a lui la Panchina d'oro 2009–2010Corriere della Sera — 8 February 2011
  121. 445Mourinho: "La temporada pasada fue movida y divertida"Álvaro Olmedo — 3 October 2011
  122. 446Los Óscars de la LigaJ. A. Jiménez et al. — 15 March 2013
  123. 447UEFA Awards21 January 2016
  124. 448World Soccer Awards – previous winnersWorld Soccer — 14 December 2012
  125. 450Top 50 des coaches de l'historieFrance Football — 19 March 2019
  126. 452Mourinho considerado o "Homem do Ano" – Real MadridRecord.xl.pt — 31 December 2010
  127. 454José Mourinho Recebe Prémio Prestígio Fernando SoromenhoAssociação dos Jornalistas de Desporto
  128. 455NewsMourinho honoured at Football ExtravaganzaPremier League — 25 March 2011
  129. 461Ordens Honoríficas PortuguesasPresidency of the Portuguese Republic
  130. 462Mourinho makes Guinness Book of RecordsChelsea F.C. — 4 September 2015

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