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Curated playlist

Stateless people

  • Albert EinsteinAlbert Einstein once spent his days examining patents for gravel sorters.
  • Friedrich NietzscheFriedrich Nietzsche's sister edited his writings to fit her own ultranationalist views.
  • Adolf HitlerAdolf Hitler was rejected twice by Vienna's art academy. He later became dictator of Germany.
  • Karl MarxKarl Marx left an estate valued at just 250 pounds when he died in 1883. He died stateless in London at 64.
  • Henry KissingerHenry Kissinger made a secret trip to China in July 1971. It helped end 23 years of diplomatic isolation.
  • Robert E. LeeRobert E. Lee privately called secession "nothing but revolution" before he led the army that fought for it.
  • Osama bin LadenOsama bin Laden, the founder of al-Qaeda, left behind a letter that was released only after his death. It urged Americans to work with the Obama administration to prevent climate change and to "save humanity" from the greenhouse gas…
  • Aleksandr SolzhenitsynAleksandr Solzhenitsyn watched Moscow's victory fireworks from a prison cell. He was a decorated Red Army captain.
  • Rohingya peopleIn 2017, over 740,000 Rohingya fled Myanmar for Bangladesh. Before that, an estimated 1.4 million lived in Myanmar.
  • Leon TrotskyLeon Trotsky escaped Siberia hidden in a load of hay. He later built the Red Army.
  • Otto von HabsburgOtto von Habsburg, born to be emperor, spent nearly half a century in exile from Austria.

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