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Peninsular War

  • Tumult of AranjuezManuel Godoy, a former member of the Royal Guard, rose to become Prime Minister of Spain despite being born in poverty and obscurity.
  • Abdications of BayonneOn the 27th of October 1807, an unsuccessful attempt by the Prince of Asturias to end Manuel Godoy's government revealed deep instability within Spain.
  • Campaign in south-west France (1814)In July 1813 Marshal Soult began a counter-offensive that defeated the Allies at the Battle of Maya and the Battle of Roncesvalles.
  • Convention of CintraOn the 21st of August 1808, French forces under Jean-Andoche Junot stood defeated at Vimeiro. Anglo-Portuguese troops commanded by Sir Arthur Wellesley had…
  • Peninsular WarIn July 1807, Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte issued orders to his Foreign Minister Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord demanding Portugal declare war on…