Curated category
Former countries of the interwar period
- Federal State of AustriaIn the 1890s, Karl von Vogelsang and Vienna mayor Karl Lueger forged a conservative-clerical Christian Social Party that rejected liberal democracy.
- Second Spanish RepublicThe Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed on the 14th of April 1931 after King Alfonso XIII went into exile. This event followed a landslide victory for…
- Italian EritreaIn 1869, a young monk named Giuseppe Sapeto stood on the shores of Assab Bay and made a small deposit to Danakil chiefs.
- Italian SomalilandOn the 8th of February 1889, Sultan Yusuf Ali Kenadid signed a treaty with Italy to make the Sultanate of Hobyo an Italian protectorate.
- Mandate for Syria and the LebanonOn the 29th of September 1923, France received the League of Nations mandate for Syria. This territory included what is now Lebanon and Alexandretta…
- Italian East AfricaBenito Mussolini stood before the Blackshirts in Rome on the 24th of October 1922. The March on Rome marked the beginning of his fascist regime and a new era…
- Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)On the 1st of March 1920, Miklós Horthy took the oath as Regent of Hungary. He was the last commanding admiral of the Austro-Hungarian Navy.
- Kingdom of ItalyOn the 17th of March 1861, Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy in Turin. This event marked the birth of a new state from decades of…
- ManchukuoManchukuo lasted just thirteen years, from 1932 until its dissolution in 1945, yet it carried the grand title of empire and the trappings of a brand new…
- Weimar RepublicOn the 9th of November 1918, Philipp Scheidemann stood at a window of the Reichstag building in Berlin and declared the German Republic to a cheering crowd.
- Territory of the Saar BasinThe Treaty of Versailles established the Territory of the Saar Basin as a region occupied and governed by the United Kingdom and France from 1920 to 1935.
- Korea under Japanese ruleOn the 27th of February 1876, the Japan, Korea Treaty of 1876 was signed under duress following the Ganghwa Island incident.
- Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet RepublicThe Russian Empire dissolved in 1918, leaving the Caucasus provinces to form their own Transcaucasian Federation. This new state lasted only two months…
- Ottoman EmpireIn 1302, the Battle of Bapheus marked a turning point for Osman I. This Turkish tribal leader commanded forces that defeated Byzantine troops along the…
- Free City of DanzigOn the 15th of November 1920, the Free City of Danzig officially came into existence under the protection of the League of Nations.
- Second Polish RepublicOn the 7th of October 1918, a Regency Council in Warsaw announced its intention to restore Polish independence. This declaration came just days before…
- Emirate of AfghanistanThe year 1823 marked a turning point when the Barakzai dynasty seized control of Kabul from the fading Durrani Empire. This shift occurred after the Battle…