Short answers, pulled from the story.
Voyager 2 was launched on the 20th of August 1977, at 14:29:00 UTC from Space Launch Complex 41 at Cape Canaveral, Florida, aboard a Titan IIIE/Centaur launch vehicle. Its twin, Voyager 1, was launched 16 days later on the 5th of September 1977.
Voyager 2 visited Jupiter in 1979, Saturn in 1981, Uranus in 1986, and Neptune in 1989. It is the only spacecraft to have visited Uranus and Neptune.
Voyager 2 crossed the heliopause and entered the interstellar medium on the 5th of November 2018, at a distance of 119.7 AU from the Sun. Voyager project scientist Edward C. Stone announced the crossing publicly in December 2018.
Voyager 2 communicates through NASA's Deep Space Network. Since the probe can only receive transmissions on a very precise frequency due to a failed capacitor in its backup receiver, communications are managed through Australia's DSS 43 antenna near Canberra.
Voyager 2 discovered 11 previously unknown moons of Uranus: Cordelia, Ophelia, Bianca, Cressida, Desdemona, Juliet, Portia, Rosalind, Belinda, Puck, and Perdita. It also found two previously unknown Uranian rings.
The golden record carried by Voyager 2 includes photographs of Earth, scientific information, and spoken greetings in 55 languages, along with a musical medley called Sounds of Earth. The record was assembled under the direction of a team including Carl Sagan and Timothy Ferris, and features music by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Blind Willie Johnson, Chuck Berry, and Valya Balkanska, as well as sounds including whale calls, a baby crying, and waves.