Short answers, pulled from the story.
Wernher von Braun arrived in the United States in September 1945 under Operation Paperclip. This program authorized by President Truman brought over 1,600 German engineers and technicians from former Nazi Germany to work for the U.S. government.
NASA administrator James E. Webb officially selected lunar orbit rendezvous on the 7th of November 1962. This decision followed an announcement by Wernher von Braun in June 1962 that this method would be the Marshall Space Flight Center choice.
Boeing built the S-IC first stage at the Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans. North American Aviation constructed the S-II second stage at Seal Beach, California, while Douglas Aircraft Company built the S-IVB third stage at Huntington Beach, California.
Nine flights carried 24 astronauts to the Moon from Apollo 8 through Apollo 17. These thirteen missions launched from Kennedy Space Center between the 9th of November 1967 and the 14th of May 1973.
The Marshall Space Flight Center announced successful completion of the dynamic test program on the 3rd of August 1967. Tests began with Configuration III in late 1965 before moving to Configuration One which finished on March 11.
Calculations identified the object as likely the Apollo 12 S-IVB stage which remained in weakly captured Earth orbit after a burn lasting too long. It entered solar orbit in 1971 before returning to Earth orbit 31 years later when astronomer Bill Yeung discovered it on the 3rd of September 2002.