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Questions about Russia under Vladimir Putin

Short answers, pulled from the story.

When did Vladimir Putin become acting president of Russia?

Vladimir Putin became acting president on the 31st of December 1999 following Boris Yeltsin's resignation. The Russian Constitution placed him in charge as acting president on that date.

What percentage of the Russian political elite were siloviki according to Olga Kryshtanovskaya's 2004 survey?

Olga Kryshtanovskaya found that siloviki made up 25 percent of the Russian political elite in her 2004 sociological survey. Within Vladimir Putin's inner circle, that percentage rose to 58 percent.

How long have incomes of Russian residents declined since 2013 under Vladimir Putin?

Incomes of Russian residents have declined for eight consecutive years since 2013. This economic trend occurred while the government froze pension funds and raised value added tax rates.

Which law allowed the Russian government to declare organizations foreign agents starting in 2012?

Federal Law No.121-FZ entered into force on the 21st of November 2012 regarding non-profit organizations performing functions of a foreign agent. Any organization receiving funding from foreign sources could be declared a foreign agent if it participated in political activity.

When did protests begin in support of Alexei Navalny after his detention at Sheremetyevo Airport?

Protests began on the 23rd of January 2021 in support of opposition leader Alexei Navalny who was detained upon arrival at Sheremetyevo Airport. More than 4000 protesters were detained on the 31st of January which set a record number in post-Soviet history.