Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Fra Mauro formation, also called the Fra Mauro Highlands, is a widespread hilly geological region on the near side of Earth's Moon. It is thought to be composed of ejecta from the impact that created Mare Imbrium, and it served as the landing site for the Apollo 14 mission in 1971.
Mission planners chose Fra Mauro because Cone crater, located near the landing site, acted as a natural drill hole into the ancient Imbrium ejecta. Sampling that material was the primary scientific objective, as it offered insight into the Moon's earliest geologic history.
Astronauts Alan Shepard and Edgar Mitchell landed at Fra Mauro in 1971. They collected ejecta samples from Cone crater, retrieving material believed to have originated from approximately 80 meters below the lunar surface.
Apollo 13 was originally scheduled to land at Fra Mauro but was unable to complete its mission due to an in-flight technical failure. Mission planners then retargeted Apollo 14 to Fra Mauro, considering it scientifically more valuable than the Littrow site originally assigned to Apollo 14.
Samples from the Fra Mauro formation collected during Apollo 14 suggest the Imbrium basin impact is no older than 4.25 billion years. The formation's petrology indicates a history of impact and ejection spanning approximately 500 million years.
Fra Mauro crater is named after a 15th-century Italian monk and mapmaker of the same name. The 80-kilometer-diameter crater lies within the formation, and both take their names from this medieval cartographer.