Short answers, pulled from the story.
Amenhotep III was the ninth pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty, also known as Amenhotep the Magnificent or the Great. He was the son of Thutmose IV by a minor wife named Mutemwiya, and his reign marked a height of Egypt's artistic and international influence.
Following the Low Chronology, Amenhotep III ruled from around 1386 to 1349 BC, or from 1388 BC to 1351 or 1350 BC. He died in the 38th or 39th year of his reign, with the anatomist Grafton Elliot Smith concluding he died between the ages of 40 and 50.
Amenhotep III married Tiye, daughter of Yuya and Thuya, in Regnal Year 2, and she was his Great Royal Wife throughout his reign. With her he fathered Crown Prince Thutmose and the future Akhenaten, along with daughters including Sitamun, Henuttaneb, Iset, Nebetah, and Beketaten. He also married foreign princesses such as Gilukhepa and Tadukhepa of Mitanni.
Amenhotep III claimed the god Amun was his true father, a divine birth he had carved at Luxor Temple. After celebrating his Sed festivals in Regnal Years 30, 34, and 37, he transcended from a near-god to a fully divine figure, becoming one of the few pharaohs worshipped as a deity while still alive.
Amenhotep III left more surviving statues than any other pharaoh, over 250 identified, and built extensively at Karnak and Luxor temple. He erected 600 statues of the goddess Sekhmet in the Temple of Mut, constructed the Malkata palace, and his mortuary temple was fronted by the Colossi of Memnon, two statues 18 m high.
The Amarna Letters are diplomatic correspondence partially preserved from Amenhotep III's reign, found near the city of Amarna. They came from rulers of Assyria, Mitanni, Babylon, Hatti, and other states, often requesting gold and gifts, and cover the period from Year 30 of Amenhotep until at least the end of Akhenaten's reign.