Nicole Brown Simpson
Nicole Brown Simpson was the second wife of the football star and actor O. J. Simpson, and in 1994 she was murdered outside her Los Angeles home. Her friend Ron Goldman was killed with her. Another friend, Kris Jenner, later said that Nicole had once told her: "Things are really bad between O.J. and I, and he's going to kill me, and he's going to get away with it." Most people now know Nicole through the trial that followed her death, a trial watched around the world. Far fewer know the woman herself. Who was she before she became a headline? What did she live through in a marriage that the police often failed to take seriously? And why do the killings still count as unsolved, even though two juries reached opposite conclusions about the man she once married?
On the 19th of May 1959, in Frankfurt, West Germany, Juditha Anne Baur Brown and Louis Hezekiah Brown Jr. had their second daughter, Nicole. Her mother was German. Her father, known as Lou, was American and had flown as a pilot in World War II. The couple married in Switzerland after the war.
Nicole grew up in a crowded family. Her sisters were Denise, born in 1957, Dominique, born in 1964, and Tanya, born in 1970. Lou Brown also had children from an earlier marriage, so Nicole had two older half-sisters named Wendy and Margit and an older half-brother named Tracy.
The family moved to the United States while Nicole was young. She first attended Rancho Alamitos High School in Garden Grove, California. She then graduated from Dana Hills High School in Dana Point in 1976. She was raised Catholic.
Her friend and former roommate David LeBon remembered a creative streak in her. He said she loved photography and thought about studying it more seriously. Her sister Denise, two years older, would later become one of the main voices describing what came next.
In 1977, an eighteen-year-old Nicole was waiting tables at The Daisy, a nightclub in Beverly Hills, California. There she met O. J. Simpson, who was thirty. He was still married to his first wife, Marguerite Whitley, who was expecting their daughter Aaren. Whitley recalled in a 1995 interview with Barbara Walters that Nicole used to drive past the house and phone repeatedly. Nicole sometimes claimed to be Cathy Randa, who was O.J.'s secretary. Simpson and Whitley divorced in March 1979.
Even in those early months, Denise said in a 2004 People interview, Simpson could turn hostile. On a family trip to upstate New York for a Buffalo Bills game, he saw Nicole kiss a mutual friend on the cheek. According to Denise, he "flipped out" and took her upstairs, where she cried in the bathroom. He told her, "You embarrassed me."
Her life soon touched his career. She had a silent part as "Passenger on Bus" in the 1980 television film Detour to Terror, which starred Simpson. In 1984, she ran a few steps behind him as he carried the Olympic torch along the California Incline in Santa Monica. They married on the 2nd of February 1985, five years after he retired from professional football. Their daughter Sydney Brooke was born that year, and their son Justin Ryan followed in 1988. Denise said Nicole treasured motherhood above everything, although Simpson grew more volatile once the children arrived.
Many accounts describe emotional, verbal and physical abuse from early on. Nicole's diary dated the physical abuse back to 1978. Her sister Dominique said Simpson once called Nicole a "fat pig" while she was pregnant. Family friend Robin Greer said he had Nicole followed and placed people in the clubs she visited to report back to him. Greer also said the couple fought constantly over his affairs. One of them, with Tawny Kitaen, lasted about a year and came out at the 1997 civil trial.
Nicole phoned the police many times, but the LAPD mostly responded without urgency because of Simpson's fame. The first police report followed New Year's Day 1989. On the 31st of December, Nicole had called to say she thought he would kill her. An officer found her hiding in the bushes outside the house, "badly beaten and half-naked." When the officer said he would arrest Simpson, Simpson drove away at speed. He later pleaded no contest to spousal abuse. Nicole dropped the charges after her parents reportedly urged her to reconcile. Simpson was helping her father, Louis, invest in a profitable Hertz car rental facility at The Ritz Carlton at Monarch Bay, California.
Not every account agrees. A former maid, Bethy Vaquerano, alleged in the book American Tragedy that Nicole was racist and had hit Simpson. Simpson's niece Terri Baker wrote in I'm Not Dancing Anymore that she had seen Nicole insult and slap him. A family friend, meanwhile, said Simpson had told Nicole's friends that if he ever caught her with someone, he would kill her.
Prosecutors at his murder trial counted 62 incidents of abusive behavior toward her. Press coverage of those incidents led California to enforce its 1986 laws protecting domestic violence victims more strictly. Hertz kept running its commercials with Simpson until it cut all ties with him during the trial. The writer Sheila Weller summed up the pair as "a dramatic, fractious, mutually obsessed couple before they married, after they married, after they divorced in 1992, and after they reconciled."
In January 1992, Nicole rented a four-bedroom Tudor-style house on Gretna Green Way in Brentwood, a Los Angeles neighborhood. It covered 3,400 square feet, and she lived there for two years. Simpson filed for divorce on the 25th of February 1992, citing irreconcilable differences. The two shared custody of Sydney and Justin.
Nicole told her mother that he kept turning up wherever she went. "I go to the gas station, he's there. I go to the Payless shoe store, and he's there. I'm driving, and he's behind me."
In 1993, according to reports, Nicole tried to repair the marriage. She sent Simpson a video of their wedding and a letter asking him to take her back. On the 25th of October 1993, she called the police twice. Simpson had broken into her house and was raging, reportedly after finding a photo of Keith Zlomsowitch, a man she had dated during the split. On the second call, she tearfully begged the operator for help. Simpson could be heard shouting at her in the background. Afterward, she was secretly recorded by Sergeant Craig Lally telling him: "I just got frightened tonight. When he gets this crazed I get scared. And he hasn't hit me in four years." A few months later, she moved out of the house and the relationship ended.
Her circle of friends was changing too. In December 1992, on a skiing trip in Aspen, Colorado, she met Kato Kaelin. He later moved into her guest house for a year, paying rent and helping with Sydney and Justin. She also saw other men, including the restaurateur Zlomsowitch and the football player Marcus Allen. Rumors that she used recreational drugs have never been supported. No drugs were found in her system when she died, and her house held no paraphernalia.
Faye Resnick, whom Nicole had met in 1990, was a close friend in this period. In early June 1994, Resnick's husband Paul said, Nicole phoned him worried that Faye was abusing cocaine again. Resnick stayed at Nicole's condominium for several days. On the 9th of June 1994, Nicole and other friends held an intervention and persuaded her to enter the Exodus Recovery Center in Marina Del Rey.
In January 1994, Nicole had moved to a three-story rental townhouse at 875 South Bundy Drive, a few minutes away. It had multiple patios and a rooftop sundeck. She drove a Ferrari. Denise remembered her then as "so vivacious, so full of life," and said the family had been talking about camping at Yosemite and taking the children to Club Med.
On the 16th of March 1994, Nicole took Sydney and Justin to the premiere of Simpson's new film, Naked Gun 33⅓: The Final Insult. About six weeks before her death, she met Ron Goldman, a 25-year-old waiter. Police and friends described their bond as platonic, with the occasional coffee or dinner. She let him borrow her Ferrari, and he told a friend, Craig Clark, that it belonged to his friend Nicole.
In May, Nicole developed pneumonia, and Simpson came to her house to look after her. He left for Palm Springs over Memorial Day weekend. The day before the murders, she talked on the phone with Kris Jenner and arranged lunch for the next day. Jenner later said Nicole wanted to confide something "very important" about her "volatile" relationship with Simpson. The two never met. According to Tanya, Nicole told their mother over dinner at the Mezzaluna restaurant that Simpson would always be her soul mate.
On the evening of the 12th of June, Nicole took Sydney and a friend out to dinner after the children's dance recital. The defense later pointed to an intense phone argument that eight-year-old Sydney overheard from upstairs. It also cited a witness named Tom Lang, who said he saw Nicole arguing with two men on the sidewalk shortly after 10:00. Her mother, Juditha, gave a sworn statement that she spoke with Nicole by phone at 11:00. Those phone records were sealed.
The bodies of Nicole and Ron Goldman were found shortly after midnight outside her home. Nicole lay in the fetal position in a pool of blood. The autopsy found seven stab wounds to her neck and scalp, plus a 14 cm gash across her throat that severed both carotid arteries. She also had defensive wounds on her hands.
Police theorized that the two were attacked on the front patio, or that Goldman arrived while Nicole was being attacked. They believed Nicole was the intended target and that Goldman was killed to silence him. A witness, Robert Heidstra, testified that he heard a man yelling "Hey! Hey! Hey!" and then heard a second man shout back. He also heard a gate slam. The Goldman family came to believe Ron was the man shouting, and that he tried to save her.
Nicole's funeral took place on the 16th of June at St. Martin of Tours Catholic Church in Brentwood. Simpson and the children attended, along with Al Cowlings, Kato Kaelin and Steve Garvey. She was buried at Ascension Cemetery in Lake Forest, California. The next day, the 17th of June, Simpson was formally charged with the murders.
When Simpson failed to surrender at the agreed time, police followed him in a low-speed chase involving a white Ford Bronco. TV stations broke into coverage of the 1994 NBA Finals to show it live. About 95 million people watched.
The criminal trial ran for eight months, from the 24th of January to the 3rd of October 1995. Simpson's defense team, nicknamed the "Dream Team," was first led by Robert Shapiro and later by Johnnie Cochran. It also included F. Lee Bailey, Alan Dershowitz, Robert Kardashian, Shawn Holley, Carl E. Douglas and Gerald Uelmen. Prosecutors Marcia Clark, William Hodgman and Christopher Darden thought their case was strong. The defense argued that lab scientists had mishandled the blood and that racism and incompetence had tainted the LAPD's work. DNA evidence was still fairly new in courtrooms, and many laypeople did not know how to weigh it.
The defense also hired Lenore E. Walker, a well-known advocate for victims of domestic abuse. Cochran said she would testify that Simpson did not fit the profile of an abuser who would murder a spouse. A friend of Nicole's, Cora Fischman, testified that Nicole had said nothing to her about abuse in the months before the murders.
On the 3rd of October, the jury acquitted Simpson of both murders. Commentators agree the defense tapped anger in the city's African-American community toward the LAPD. That anger dated from the Rodney King beating and the riots two years earlier. A poll of Los Angeles County residents found most African Americans thought the verdict was justified. Most white residents thought a mostly Black jury had nullified the law for racial reasons. The media called this the "racial gap." In 2017, three of the jurors said they would still acquit, while one said he would convict.
In 1996, Fred Goldman, Sharon Rufo and Lou Brown sued Simpson for wrongful death. Judge Hiroshi Fujisaki barred cameras, did not sequester the jury, and stopped the defense from alleging racism by the LAPD. The jury saw 31 photos of Simpson in Bruno Magli shoes from before 1994, one published six months before the murders. Most importantly, Nicole's diary was admitted. The criminal judge had excluded it as inadmissible hearsay.
Lead counsel Daniel Petrocelli said the motive was the least explored part of the case. "You need to tell the jury a story," he said. His story was a stormy relationship that turned cruel in the final weeks. Simpson, he argued, had threatened to report Nicole to the IRS over unpaid capital-gains taxes. She had responded by denying him access to the children.
The jury found Simpson liable and awarded $33.5 million in compensation and punitive damages. Simpson filed for bankruptcy and moved to Florida to protect his pension. His remaining assets were seized and auctioned, and his Heisman Trophy sold for $255,500. The Goldman family says it has received only one percent of what he owes. In 2017, a lawyer for Fred Goldman said he would trace the money behind real estate purchases by Sydney and Justin. After Simpson died in 2024, his estate lawyer pledged to block the families from collecting. He later reversed course.
After the murders, Nicole's parents briefly had custody of Sydney and Justin. In 1996, a judge returned the children to Simpson. The Browns kept fighting without success until 2006, when Justin turned 18. Sydney had turned 18 in 2003.
The 2000 BBC documentary O.J.: The True Untold Story largely rehashed the defense claims of contamination and blood planting. It also suggested that Simpson's elder son, Jason, might be a suspect. Its reasons included Simpson hiring lawyers for his children before himself, photos of Jason's wool cap and a supposed plan to meet Nicole that evening. William Dear set out similar findings in his book O.J. Is Innocent and I Can Prove It.
Other theories range wider. Some say Simpson had accomplices. Others say he was framed. Some connect the killings to the Los Angeles drug trade and the murders of Michael Nigg and Brett Cantor. F. Lee Bailey and several of Simpson's relatives kept defending his innocence. Prosecutors, witnesses and the families of Nicole and Ron reject these ideas.
In 2012, the documentary My Brother the Serial Killer examined the crimes of convicted murderer Glen Edward Rogers. It included claims that Rogers killed Nicole and Ron in 1994. His brother Clay said Glen told him he had met Nicole and was going to "take her down." Rogers also wrote to the criminal profiler Anthony Meoli from 2009. He claimed in a prison meeting that Simpson had hired him to steal jewelry, and that Simpson said he might have to kill her. Clay Rogers said his brother confessed.
The LAPD answered flatly: "We know who killed Nicole Brown Simpson and Ron Goldman. We have no reason to believe that Mr. Rogers was involved." Fred Goldman said the evidence at the criminal trial showed that one person alone killed them, and that this person was O.J. Simpson, not Glen Rogers.
The Nicole Brown Simpson Foundation was founded in 1994 in her memory. It was later renamed the Nicole Brown Charitable Foundation, and it reportedly scaled back its grantmaking in 1999 after donations fell and questions arose about its management.
Her parents made a rare VHS tape in 1996, A Tribute to Nicole. It described a happy childhood in a close family and a girl who loved interior decorating. Home movies showed her playing with stuffed animals and blowing out birthday candles. Her mother called her "warm," "wonderful" and "free-spirited." The R&B group H-Town dedicated their 1997 album Ladies Edition, Woman's World to her and to "all the women of the world." Kato Kaelin called her a "beacon of light" in a 2024 interview, and Kris Jenner called her one of her best friends. In 2019, Tanya said Nicole put her children first, and wrote that she had forgiven Simpson while still believing he was responsible.
Kris Jenner named her fourth daughter Kendall Nicole Jenner. Kendall was born 17 months after Nicole's death. When Ezra Edelman won the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature for O.J.: Made in America, he dedicated it to Nicole and Ron.
Simpson wrote a book with the ghostwriter Pablo Fenjves, If I Did It, a first-person account of how he would have committed the murders. In it, he says that something "went horribly wrong." In 2007, the Goldman family received the proceeds and rights to the book. They published it under the title If I Did It: Confessions of the Killer. Denise criticized that decision. Other books include Sheila Weller's Raging Heart and Andrea Dworkin's 1997 collection Life and Death. Jessica Tuck played Nicole in a 1995 television movie, Kelly Dowdle in a 2016 series, and Mena Suvari in a 2019 film. Charlotte Kirk is cast in an upcoming film, The Juice. The podcast You're Wrong About devoted several episodes to her life, and Lifetime aired a two-part documentary on the 1st and the 2nd of June 2024.
Two years after the killings, a new owner extensively remodeled the townhouse at 875 South Bundy Drive and changed its address. Lou Brown died on the 3rd of July 2014, aged 90, and was buried beside Nicole. Her headstone had room for another inscription, so it was altered to include him. Juditha died on the 8th of November 2020, aged 89. Nicole's original headstone was then replaced with a larger one carrying the names of both her parents.
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Common questions
Who was Nicole Brown Simpson?
She was born in Frankfurt, West Germany, in 1959 and grew up in California. She was the second wife of O. J. Simpson and the mother of Sydney and Justin. She was murdered in Brentwood, Los Angeles, in June 1994.
Who else died in the attack?
Her friend Ron Goldman, a 25-year-old waiter who had met her about six weeks earlier, was killed outside her townhouse at 875 South Bundy Drive.
Why did the criminal and civil trials reach different results?
The criminal jury acquitted Simpson in October 1995. The civil trial barred claims of LAPD racism, did not sequester the jury, and admitted Nicole's diary entries, which the criminal judge had excluded. The civil jury found him liable and awarded $33.5 million.
Has anyone else ever been identified as the killer?
No other suspect has been identified. Several theories have been put forward, including one involving Glen Edward Rogers, but the LAPD and the families of both victims reject them.
All sources
175 references cited across the entry
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- 14Jeff Berg, New Mexico Filmmaking (2015), pp. 82–83.
- 15Olympics Flashback: When O.J. Simpson Carried the Torch in L.A.Bill Higgins — August 11, 2016
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- 18Child custody decisioncourttv.com
- 19Nicole Brown Simpson's sisters want you to remember how she lived, not how she diedMaryClaire Dale — May 31, 2024
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- 21Edelman, Ezra (May 20, 2016). "O.J.: Made in America." ESPN Films.
- 22OJ Simpson's slow-speed chase on June 17, 1994April 11, 2024
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- 24NewsO.J. Simpson allegedly had an affair with this 1980s music video vixenNate Petersen — June 15, 2016
- 25NewsSurprise letter: Nicole wrote O.J. Simpson 'beat holy hell' out of herLinda Deutsch — January 14, 1997
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- 36NewsPerspective Nicole Brown Simpson's cries for help are still hard to hearMonica Hesse — April 13, 2024
- 39MagazineHow O. J. Simpson Killed Popular CultureLili Anolik — May 7, 2014
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- 42Trial JournalMarch 30, 1995
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- 46Nicole Simpson's ex: 'I felt guilty, that O.J. Simpson had beaten her, because of me'Leslie Gray Streeter — April 11, 2024
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- 50MagazineA Sensational Memoir Raises Questions By—and About—One of Nicole's PalsDavid Ellis — November 7, 1994
- 51Nicole Simpson's Condo from "The People v. O.J. Simpson: American Crime Story"Lindsay — March 7, 2016
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- 62The Simpson Legacy / Los Angeles...Henry Weinstein — October 8, 1995
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- 67Witness Heard Voices, Slamming GateJuly 12, 1995
- 68Goldman family still struggles with murderJune 14, 2004
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- 72Was Nicole Preparing For Romance?February 23, 1995
- 73NewsSimpson Team Taking Aim at DNA LaboratoryBarry Meier — September 7, 1994
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- 102Nicole's diary shows state of mind, judge rulesNovember 23, 1996
- 103Tabloid runs excerpts of Nicole's diaryOctober 17, 1995
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- 106Court: Simpson Still Liable For $33.5M JudgmentFebruary 21, 2008
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- 109O.J. Simpson's Kids Raise Eyebrows With Real Estate Ventures31 July 2017
- 110NewsO.J. Simpson, former football star acquitted of murder, dies at 76Emily Shapiro — April 11, 2024
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- 128Simpson
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- 135NewsSerial Killer Murdered Nicole Brown Simpson, New Documentary ClaimsDan Harris — November 20, 2012
- 136NewsO.J. didn't do it, apparently, in The Murder Of Nicole Brown SimpsonRandall Colburn — October 17, 2019
- 137NewsThe O.J. Simpson Murder Trial: Nicole Simpson Foundation Gives Shelter $10,000David Reyes — July 19, 1995
- 138NewsThe Brown Foundation Cuts Back on GivingH. G. Reza — November 4, 1999
- 141Hey, Ladies, H-Town Is Very Sorry5 October 1997
- 147EXCLUSIVE: The world hasn't forgotten what OJ Simpson did to my sisterCourtney Greatrex — October 25, 2019
- 148Louis Brown, father of Nicole Brown Simpson, diesJuly 5, 2014
- 150NewsLingering questions from the O.J. Simpson chaseTheresa Walker — Freedom Communications — June 17, 2014
- 151BookOJ Simpson - If I Did ItTruth_Merciless
- 152Famous Trials: "IF I Did It": The Quasi-Confession of O. J. SimpsonDouglas O. Linder — UMKC School of Law — April 11, 2024
- 153ABC News Exclusive: 'If I Did It': O.J's Daughter's IdeaJune 15, 2007
- 154Defending If I Did ItTimothy Noah — November 22, 2006
- 155BookIf I Did It: Confessions of the KillerThe Goldman Family — Beaufort Books — September 13, 2007
- 156NewsVictims' families feud over O.J.'s 'If I Did It' bookMike Celizic — August 15, 2007
- 158BookUnapologetic Writings on the Continuing War Against WomenAndrea Dworkin — Virago Press — 1997
- 159NewsTelevision O.J. Simpson Film Gets Date: Fox has...Shauna Snow — January 18, 1995
- 160Ryan Murphy's The People v. O.J. Simpson Puts More Than Just Simpson on TrialMatt Zoller Seitz — January 25, 2016
- 161Mena Suvari Plays Nicole Brown Simpson in New Film About Her Murder — But with a Strange TwistRobyn Merrett — October 17, 2019
- 162MagazineBoris Kodjoe's O.J. Simpson gets the electric chair in shocking teaser for The JuiceWesley Stenzel — April 24, 2024
- 164Nicole Brown Simpson Lifetime Doc Gets Premiere Date and Trailer: "Her Life Was Stolen From Her"Jackie Strause — May 2, 2024
- 166BookOutrage: The Five Reasons Why O. J. Simpson Got Away with MurderVincent Bugliosi — Dell Publishing — 1997
- 167BookO.J. Simpson: American Hero, American TragedyMarc Cerasini — Windsor Publishing Corporation — 1994
- 168BookO. J. Is Innocent and I Can Prove It: The Shocking Truth About the Murders of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ron GoldmanWilliam C. Dear — Skyhorse Publishing — 2012
- 169BookO. J. Simpson Facts and Fictions: News Rituals in the Construction of RealityDarnell M. Hunt — Cambridge University Press — 1999
- 170BookEvidence Dismissed: The Inside Story of the Police Investigation of O. J. SimpsonTom Lange et al. — Pocket Books — 1997
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- 172BookTrial of the Century: People of the State of California vs. Orenthal James SimpsonFrank Schmalleger — Prentice Hall — 1996
- 173BookThe Search for Justice: A Defense Attorney's Brief on the O.J. Simpson CaseRobert L. Shapiro — Grand Central Publishing — 2009
- 174BookIf I Did ItO. J. Simpson et al. — ReganBooks — 2006
- 175BookRace and Justice: Rodney King and O. J. Simpson in a House DividedJewelle Taylor Gibbs — Jossey-Bass — 1996
- 176BookRaging Heart: The Intimate Story of the Tragic Marriage of O.J. and Nicole Brown SimpsonSheila Weller — Pocket Books — 1995
- 177Schiller (1996)Schiller — 1996
- 178Dworkin (1997)Dworkin — 1997