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Tributaries of Imperial China

  • Heian periodIn 794, Emperor Kammu moved the capital of Japan to Heian-kyō, a site that would remain the imperial seat for the next thousand years.
  • Ayutthaya KingdomIn 1351, King Uthong established the Ayutthaya Kingdom on an island in the Chao Phraya River. This new state emerged from a merger of three maritime…
  • Khmer EmpireIn 802 AD, a Khmer prince named Jayavarman II stood atop the sacred Mount Mahendraparvata, now known as Phnom Kulen. He performed a grandiose consecration…
  • Sukhothai KingdomIn 1238, a coalition of Siamese forces led by Bang Klang Hao recaptured the city of Sukhothai and re-established it as an autonomous polity.
  • Kingdom of KhotanThe Taklamakan Desert stretches north of the ancient city of Yotkan, a place where water flows from the Yurung-kàsh and Kara-kàsh rivers.