Short answers, pulled from the story.
William Camden (the 2nd of May 1551 - the 9th of November 1623) was an English antiquarian, historian, topographer, and herald. He is best known as the author of Britannia, the first chorographical survey of Great Britain and Ireland, and the Annales, the first detailed historical account of Elizabeth I's reign.
Britannia is a county-by-county chorographical survey of Great Britain and Ireland that relates landscape, geography, antiquarianism, and history. First published in Latin in 1586, it went through five further Latin editions and an English translation by Philemon Holland in 1610, with each edition enlarged from its predecessor.
Enhanced imaging using transmitted light in 2023 made previously hidden censored passages in Camden's Annales manuscripts readable for the first time. The new readings revealed that a deathbed scene depicting Elizabeth naming James VI of Scotland as her successor was a fabricated addition, and that the description of Pope Pius V's excommunication had been deliberately softened from "spiritual warfare" to "secret plots".
Remaines Concerning Britain, published in 1605, contains the first alphabetical list of English proverbs ever compiled, and is frequently cited as the earliest known usage of words in the Oxford English Dictionary. Its proverb list was heavily used by editors of major modern dictionaries of proverbs, including those of Burton Stevenson in 1949 and M. P. Tilley in 1950.
After Camden's death, his Chislehurst home became known as Camden Place. In 1765, Sir Charles Pratt was raised to the peerage as Baron Camden, of Camden Place, and his son became Marquess Camden in 1812. The family developed land to the north of London, giving Camden Town and the London Borough of Camden their names through this chain of inheritance.
Camden founded an endowed lectureship in history at Oxford in 1622, the first such lectureship in the world. It survives today as the Camden Professor of Ancient History; since 1877 it has been attached to Brasenose College, and since 1910 has been limited to Roman history.