When and where was the Tanggu Truce signed?
The Tanggu Truce was signed on the 31st of May 1933, in Tanggu, Tianjin. It was agreed between military representatives of the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan.
Questions about Tanggu Truce
Short answers, pulled from the story.
What did the Tanggu Truce require China to do?
The truce required China to accept a demilitarized zone extending 100 kilometers south of the Great Wall, running from Beijing to Tianjin, with no regular Kuomintang military units permitted inside it. The Great Wall itself was placed under Japanese control, and a lightly armed Peace Preservation Corps was established to maintain order in the zone.
What conflict did the Tanggu Truce end?
The Tanggu Truce ended the Japanese invasion of Manchuria, which had begun with the Mukden Incident on the 18th of September 1931. By February 1932, Japan's Kwantung Army had captured the entire Manchurian region.
What was the Lytton Commission and how did it affect the Tanggu Truce?
The Lytton Commission was a committee established by the League of Nations to investigate Japan's invasion of Manchuria. Its report condemned Japan's actions but offered no plan for intervention, leaving China without international support. Japan withdrew from the League on the 27th of March 1933, shortly before the truce was negotiated.
Did the Tanggu Truce mean China recognized Manchukuo?
The truce resulted in de facto but not de jure recognition of Manchukuo by the Kuomintang government. The Chinese Central government in Nanjing claimed the agreement only addressed local hostilities and did not affect Chinese territorial sovereignty.
How long did the Tanggu Truce last before war resumed?
The truce held for approximately four years. Hostilities between China and Japan erupted again in 1937 with the Second Sino-Japanese War, which made clear the truce had been only a temporary respite.