Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Taliban emerged in 1994 from religious schools in Kandahar under the leadership of Mullah Omar. This group consisted of Pashtun students who had previously fought against Soviet forces during the 1980s.
During the period from 1996 to 2001, the Taliban forbade women from working outside healthcare or attending schools beyond primary level. Public executions became common and women faced public whipping for violating dress codes while over half of all schools closed.
The United Nations documented fifteen systematic massacres committed between 1996 and 2001 that targeted civilian populations. One incident in Mazar-i-Sharif resulted in five thousand deaths after Hazara communities resisted Taliban advances.
On the 15th of August 2021, President Ashraf Ghani fled Kabul allowing Taliban fighters to occupy the Presidential Palace without resistance. Senior officials like Sirajuddin Haqqani took control of security positions immediately after this event.
In December 2024, the Taliban health ministry banned women from training as nurses or midwives reversing previous allowances. This decision endangered maternal healthcare access since male doctors could not treat female patients under current rules.