Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Russo-Persian Wars began in 1651 and concluded in 1828. They consisted of five separate conflicts fought over Transcaucasian territories, with periods of diplomacy and treaty-making between each war.
Under the Treaty of Turkmenchay, signed on the 21st of February 1828, Persia ceded the Erivan, Talesh, and Nakhichevan khanates to Russia. The Aras River was established as the new border, and Persia was required to pay twenty million rubles in silver in indemnification.
The Second Russo-Persian War was triggered by the Afghan invasion of Persia and the sacking of Shamakhi by Daud Khan's Lezgin forces in August 1721, which killed several Russian merchants. Tsar Peter I intervened under the pretext of suppressing rebellion, occupying Derbent, Baku, and key Caspian provinces before withdrawing after storms and epidemic weakened his forces.
The Treaty of Gulistan was signed on the 24th of October 1813, concluding the Fourth Russo-Persian War. Persia ceded all territories north of the Aras River, including Dagestan, Mingrelia, Abkhazia, Derbent, Baku, Shaki, Quba, Talesh, Shirvan, Karabakh, and Ganja. Russia also gained exclusive military rights to the Caspian Sea.
Silk was the backbone of early Russo-Persian commerce. Velvet, taffeta, and silk from Kashan, Isfahan, and Yazd made up more than seventy percent of goods transported to Russia in the sixteenth century. By 1676, forty-one thousand kilograms of silk were exported annually from Persia to Russia, and in 1555 the Muscovy Company was created specifically to manage this overland trade.
Agha Mohammed Khan marched forty thousand men from Ganja to Tiflis on the 10th of September 1795 and captured the city. Thousands of Georgians were massacred and fifteen thousand citizens were taken captive and sent as slaves to Persia. Erekle II, ruler of Khartli-Kakheti, fled the city.