Short answers, pulled from the story.
Paul Ludwig Hans Anton von Beneckendorff und von Hindenburg entered the world on the 2nd of October 1847 in Posen, Kingdom of Prussia. He was born into a family of minor Prussian nobility known as junkers.
A bullet pierced his helmet during the Battle of Königgrätz and creased his skull while he led his detachment. He wrapped his head in a towel and resumed leading his unit which earned him a decoration.
Nine thousand two hundred Russians were captured along with four hundred guns during the resulting Battle of Tannenberg. German casualties numbered only 14,000 while Russia lost more than 310,000 men in six weeks.
After twice dissolving Reichstag in 1932, Paul von Hindenburg agreed in January 1933 to appoint Hitler as chancellor in coalition with German National People's Party. This decision followed instability that resulted in their rise to power despite his opposition to the Nazi Party.
His death occurred on the 2nd of August 1934 ending his tenure that began in 1925. Following this event Hitler combined presidency with chancellery before declaring himself Führer of Germany which transformed the country into totalitarian dictatorship.