Who was Parthenius of Nicaea and why is he significant?
Parthenius of Nicaea was a Greek poet and grammarian from Bithynia who was taken prisoner during the Mithridatic Wars and brought to Rome in 66 BC. He is significant as the teacher of Virgil in Greek and as the compiler of the Erotica Pathemata, a collection of thirty-six Greek love stories that preserved information about otherwise lost Alexandrian poets. He is sometimes called "the last of the Alexandrians."
What is the Erotica Pathemata by Parthenius of Nicaea?
The Erotica Pathemata, meaning "Of the Sorrows of Love", is a collection of thirty-six epitomes of love stories compiled by Parthenius of Nicaea. All the stories have tragic or sentimental endings, drawn from histories, historicised fictions, and poetry. Parthenius dedicated it to the Roman poet Cornelius Gallus as a storehouse of material for him to draw from.
Did Parthenius of Nicaea teach Virgil?
According to Macrobius, Parthenius of Nicaea taught Greek to Virgil during a visit to Neapolis. Parthenius had arrived in Rome in 66 BC as a prisoner taken by Helvius Cinna during the Mithridatic Wars.
How did the work of Parthenius of Nicaea survive to the present day?
The work of Parthenius of Nicaea survives through a single manuscript, Palatinus Heidelbergensis graecus 398, probably written in the mid-9th century AD. The manuscript contains a mixture of geography, excerpts from Hesychius of Alexandria, paradoxography, epistolography, and mythology alongside Parthenius' text. The first printed edition appeared in 1531, edited by Janus Cornarius in Basle.
Who did Parthenius of Nicaea dedicate the Erotica Pathemata to?
Parthenius dedicated the Erotica Pathemata to the Roman poet Cornelius Gallus. In his preface, Parthenius described the collection as something offered "in the shortest possible form" and intended as "a storehouse from which to draw material."
When did Parthenius of Nicaea die?
Parthenius is said to have lived until the accession of Tiberius in 14 AD. His exact date of death is not recorded, but ancient sources place him alive at the moment Tiberius became emperor.