Short answers, pulled from the story.
The New York Giants were founded on the 1st of August 1925, when Timothy Mara and Will Gibson were granted an NFL franchise for $2,500. The Giants are the longest-established NFL team in the Northeastern United States and one of five teams that joined the league that year.
The New York Giants have won eight NFL championships total: four in the pre-Super Bowl era (1927, 1934, 1938, and 1956) and four Super Bowls (XXI, XXV, XLII, and XLVI). Their championship total is surpassed only by the Green Bay Packers with 13 and the Chicago Bears with 9.
The Sneakers Game was the 1934 NFL Championship Game, played on an icy field at Yankee Stadium. The Giants switched to sneakers for better traction and defeated the Chicago Bears 30-13 to win the NFL title. The game is one of the most famous in franchise history.
In Super Bowl XLII, Eli Manning escaped the grip of several New England Patriots defensive linemen and threw a pass to a double-covered David Tyree, who held the ball against his helmet while being tackled by Rodney Harrison. The catch set up a touchdown pass to Plaxico Burress, and the Giants won 17-14, defeating the undefeated 18-0 Patriots.
Bill Parcells coached the Giants to their first two Super Bowl wins, Super Bowl XXI in 1986 and Super Bowl XXV in 1990. Phil Simms was named MVP of Super Bowl XXI after completing 22 of 25 passes for an 88% completion rate, a Super Bowl record. Lawrence Taylor anchored the defense for both championships.
The Miracle at the Meadowlands occurred in 1978, when Giants offensive coordinator Bob Gibson called a running play to run out the clock against the Philadelphia Eagles. Quarterback Joe Pisarcik fumbled, and Eagles player Herman Edwards returned it for a game-winning touchdown. The play is still cited as a defining moment in the Giants-Eagles rivalry.