Short answers, pulled from the story.
Murshid Quli Khan was the first Nawab of Bengal, serving from 1717 to 1727. Born as Surya Narayan Mishra, a Hindu Brahmin in the Deccan around 1670, he was sold into slavery as a child, converted to Islam, and rose through Mughal service to become Bengal's first independent nawab under the title conferred by Emperor Farrukhsiyar.
Murshid Quli Khan was born Surya Narayan Mishra, a Hindu Brahmin, in the Deccan around 1670. At approximately age ten he was sold to a Persian merchant named Haji Shafi, who converted him to Islam and gave him the name Mohammad Hadi.
Murshid Quli Khan relocated Bengal's diwani office from Dhaka to the city then called Mukshudabad, on the banks of the Ganges. Emperor Aurangzeb awarded him the title Murshid Quli and gave permission to rename it Murshidabad, meaning the city of Murshid Quli Khan. The first coins minted in Murshidabad are dated 1704, pointing to that year as when the renaming took effect.
Murshid Quli Khan replaced the Mughal jagirdari system with the mal jasmani system, under which contractors called ijardaars posted security bonds and collected revenue directly from the land. The jagirdars were gradually displaced, and the ijardaars evolved into the zamindari class that would define Bengal's agrarian economy in later centuries.
Records show that Quli Khan sent one crore and thirty lakh rupees annually to the Mughal emperor, along with payments made in kind. He personally escorted the convoys with infantry and cavalry to Bihar, where the revenue was handed to the Mughal collector.
Murshid Quli Khan is buried beneath the staircase of the Katra Masjid in Murshidabad, a five-bayed rectangular mosque he built in 1724. He chose this location himself, and it remains his resting place to this day.