Short answers, pulled from the story.
Mary Shakespeare, born around 1537 in Wilmcote, Warwickshire, was the mother of playwright William Shakespeare and the daughter of Robert Arden, a gentleman farmer connected to one of the most prominent families in Warwickshire. She married John Shakespeare in 1557 and bore eight children, of whom William, born in 1564, became the most celebrated.
Mary Shakespeare was born Mary Arden, a member of the Arden family of Warwickshire. Her ancestors included Thomas Arden, who fought in the Second Barons' War of 1264-67, Robert Arden, who fought in the Wars of the Roses, and John Arden, who served at the court of Henry VII. The wider family was known for its Catholic faith and influence in the Recusant community.
Mary Shakespeare married John Shakespeare in 1557, when she was around 20 years old and he was approximately 26. John's father, Richard Shakespeare, had been a tenant farmer on land owned by Mary's father in Snitterfield, meaning the two families had a long-standing landlord-tenant relationship.
Mary Shakespeare had eight children: Joan (1558), Margaret (1562-1563), William (1564-1616), Gilbert (1566-1612), Joan (1569-1646), Anne (1571-1579), Richard (1574-1613), and Edmund (1580-1607). Several died in infancy or before Mary herself died in September 1608.
Mary Shakespeare died in September 1608. She outlived at least four of her eight children, including her youngest son Edmund, who died in 1607.
Mary Arden's Farm in Wilmcote was purchased by the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust in 1930 and refurnished in Tudor period style as the presumed childhood home of Mary Shakespeare. In 2000, however, researchers discovered the building had actually belonged to a neighbour named Adam Palmer, and it was renamed Palmer's Farm. The actual Arden family house, located nearby, had been acquired by the Trust in 1968 without its true provenance being known. Both properties are now open as a historic museum of sixteenth-century life.