Short answers, pulled from the story.
Phase Two consists of six films: Iron Man 3 (2013), Thor: The Dark World (2013), Captain America: The Winter Soldier (2014), Guardians of the Galaxy (2014), Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015), and Ant-Man (2015). The phase ran from May 2013 through July 2015. Kevin Feige produced all six films.
Kevin Feige produced every film in Phase Two. Joss Whedon served as a creative consultant on all Phase Two films under an exclusive contract signed in August 2012, reading scripts, watching cuts, and giving feedback to each film's directors and writers. Whedon also wrote and directed Avengers: Age of Ultron.
Captain America: The Winter Soldier was consistently ranked the best film of Phase Two. Critics praised its political commentary and action sequences, with multiple reviewers naming it the strongest non-team-up film the MCU had produced at that point.
Phase Two revealed multiple Infinity Stones across its films. Thor: The Dark World's mid-credits scene identified the Tesseract and the Aether as Infinity Stones. Guardians of the Galaxy revealed the orb as a third Stone, and Avengers: Age of Ultron confirmed that Loki's scepter is the Mind Stone. Age of Ultron's mid-credits scene also showed Thanos wielding an Infinity Gauntlet built to hold all six Stones.
Edgar Wright departed Ant-Man in May 2014 due to creative differences. He had co-written the screenplay with Joe Cornish before leaving. Peyton Reed replaced him as director, with Paul Rudd remaining in the title role.
The Phase Two films grossed over a billion dollars combined at the global box office. Iron Man 3 earned over $1.2 billion worldwide, while Avengers: Age of Ultron topped that with over $1.4 billion. Ant-Man was the lowest-grossing entry at roughly $519 million worldwide.