Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Mars Orbiter Mission, also called Mangalyaan, was India's first interplanetary spacecraft, launched by the Indian Space Research Organisation on the 5th of November 2013. It entered Mars orbit on the 24th of September 2014 and operated until April 2022, far exceeding its planned six-month mission life.
The total cost of the Mars Orbiter Mission was approximately 450 crore rupees, making it the least-expensive Mars mission at the time. Prime Minister Narendra Modi noted this equated to roughly 7 rupees per kilometer traveled, cheaper than a 10-rupee-per-kilometer auto ride in Ahmedabad.
The Mars Orbiter Mission made India the first Asian nation to reach Martian orbit and made ISRO the fourth space agency overall to achieve Mars orbit, after the Soviet space program, NASA, and the European Space Agency. ISRO was also the first national space agency to reach Mars orbit using an indigenously developed propulsion system, and only the second to succeed on its maiden attempt.
The spacecraft was developed in a record 15 months, from Prime Minister Manmohan Singh's approval on the 3rd of August 2012 to launch readiness in late 2013. The fast timeline was achieved partly by using a reconfigured Chandrayaan-2 orbiter bus and working days of 18 to 20 hours.
The Mars Exospheric Neutral Composition Analyser detected suprathermal populations of argon-40 in the Martian exosphere during December 2014, with temperatures exceeding 400 K on some orbits. The Mars Colour Camera returned over 2 terabytes of imaging data over five years, including the first full-disc colour images of Mars and images of the Martian moon Phobos from 4,200 km away.
In April 2022, MOM entered a seven-hour eclipse period that it was not designed to survive. The spacecraft ran out of attitude control propellant, preventing it from keeping its solar panels and antenna correctly oriented. ISRO officially declared the mission lost on the 3rd of October 2022, after all attempts to restore contact failed.