Short answers, pulled from the story.
Sir Humphry Davy first isolated pure magnesium metal in England during 1808 using electrolysis on magnesia and mercuric oxide. The resulting substance appeared as a shiny gray metal with low density and high chemical reactivity.
Magnesium now makes up 13% of the total mass of the Earth. It ranks as the eighth most abundant element in the Earth's crust by weight and holds the fourth spot among all elements within the entire planet.
World production reached approximately 1,100 kilotons in 2017 with China supplying 930 kilotons. A Chinese government initiative in September 2021 reduced production levels causing significant price increases.
Modern aerospace applications increasingly replace aluminum and steel due to fuel economy requirements. German military aircraft utilized magnesium alloys extensively during World War II under the name Elektron for lightweight structural components.
An adult body contains roughly 25 grams of magnesium distributed across bones and muscles. Sixty percent resides in the skeleton while 39% sits intracellularly including skeletal muscle tissue.