Short answers, pulled from the story.
Aguda declared himself emperor of what he called Great Jin meaning gold in spring 1115. He adopted Chinese names like Min meaning compassionate alongside reign titles such as Shouguo receiving statehood.
The siege resumed January ninth 1127 resulting capture two emperors Huizong QinZong host courtiers families known Jingkang Incident humiliation complete surrender northern territories southward flight remaining royal line establishing Southern Song base Hangzhou Jiankang Shaoxing sequence cities marking retreat path forward decades conflict ahead.
A fleet over 600 ships carrying troops sailors totaling tens thousands men drowned fleeing burning vessels seen twenty li distance away visible flames consuming silk sails causing panic desertion crew soldiers jumping ship surrendering shore reaching land drowning hundreds killed commanders Zhengjianu lost half navy Tangdao battle Caishi engagement likely small scale losing four thousand men maximum casualties total campaign ended December fifteenth murder camp five concubines assassins officers disillusioned defeats widespread dissatisfaction among minority groups elite class alike.
Mongols led Genghis Khan invaded Jin Empire starting year eleven hundred and eleven winning several victories spanning twenty-three years facing multiple defeats internal revolts defections coups finally conquered twelve thirty-four. Prior attempts using military force failed Khabul Khan invited court tweaking emperor's beard drunken outburst changing mind ordering capture pursuers ambushed killing them settling sending elite troops occupy strategic points returning gifts appeasement gained submission Qara Khitai Western Liao offshoot envoy killed way west contact Uyghurs Qocho remained aloof sending local products irregular basis.