Short answers, pulled from the story.
The River Ebro anchors the name, known as Ibēros in ancient Greek and Ibērus or Hibērus in Latin. Strabo described the region as this side of the Ibērus, while Pliny the Elder asserted Greeks called the entire peninsula Hiberia solely because of the river's presence.
Human habitation has existed for at least 1.2 million years according to remains found in the Atapuerca Mountains. Six hominin skeletons dated between 780,000 and one million years ago were discovered within the cave of Gran Dolina in 1994.
A Muslim army led by Tariq ibn Ziyad conquered the Visigothic Kingdom in Hispania in 711 CE after landing at Gibraltar. This eight-year campaign completed the Umayyad conquest of Hispania, leaving only northern kingdoms unconquered until later periods.
The combined Castilian and Aragonese force conquered the last Muslim stronghold Granada in 1492. Following this event, all Muslims and Jews were ordered to convert to Christianity or face expulsion from Spain.
The Iberian Peninsula encompasses 583,254 square kilometers with a mean altitude of 637 meters above sea level. It forms the westernmost portion of three major southern European peninsulas including the Italian and Balkan peninsulas.