Short answers, pulled from the story.
Anatomically modern humans first arrived on the Indian subcontinent between 73,000 and 55,000 years ago. Y-Chromosome and Mt-DNA data support the colonization of South Asia by modern humans originating in Africa.
The mature Indus civilisation flourished from about 2600 to 1900 BCE. It included cities such as Harappa, Ganweriwal, Mohenjo-daro, Dholavira, Kalibangan, Rakhigarhi, and Lothal.
Chandragupta Maurya overthrew the Nanda Empire and established the first great empire in ancient India. Ashoka reigned until his death in about 232 BCE after shunning violence following the Kalinga War.
From the 8th to the 10th century, three dynasties contested control of northern India including the Gurjara Pratiharas of Malwa, the Palas of Bengal, and the Rashtrakutas of the Deccan.
The Delhi Sultanate was founded in the 12th and 13th centuries by Central Asian Turks. On the 17th of December 1398, Timur entered Delhi and the city was sacked and left in ruins after three days.
British Indian Empire was partitioned in August 1947 into Dominion of India and Dominion of Pakistan. Each gained its independence following policies that led to the Indian Rebellion of 1857.