Short answers, pulled from the story.
Homo erectus arrived on the Indian subcontinent approximately two million years ago, possibly as early as 2.2 million years ago. This ancient migration is evidenced by stone tools found at Riwat in Pakistan.
The Indus Valley Civilisation collapsed due to persistent droughts in the second millennium BCE that caused the population to scatter from large urban centers to smaller villages. This event marked the end of the Bronze Age in the region.
Chandragupta Maurya established the Maurya Empire in 322 BCE with the assistance of Chanakya. The empire unified most of the Indian subcontinent into a single state and became the largest empire ever to exist on the subcontinent.
The Gupta Empire, ruling from the 4th to the 6th centuries CE, is regarded as the Golden Age of India. This period featured cultural creativity and scientific advancement by scholars such as Kalidasa, Aryabhata, Varahamihira, and Vatsyayana.
The partition of the British Indian Empire occurred in August 1947 into the Dominion of India and the Dominion of Pakistan. This event marked the culmination of the struggle for independence led by Mahat Gandhi and the Indian National Congress.