Short answers, pulled from the story.
King William I ordered a massive survey of England known as the Domesday Book in the year 1086. This census recorded every piece of land and its value across the kingdom to capture a society in rapid transition.
The High Middle Ages period occurred between AD 1000 and 1350. By 1350, economic levels reached heights not seen again in some regions until the nineteenth century after population numbers rose steadily until the early fourteenth century.
The University of Bologna began operating in 1088 as part of the intellectual revitalization of Europe that started with the birth of medieval universities. Oxford followed shortly after in 1096 while Paris, Salamanca, Cambridge, and Modena also opened their doors to scholars.
King John signed the Magna Carta into law in 1215. This document limited the power of English monarchs for the first time following the Norman Conquest of 1066 which resulted in a kingdom ruled by Francophone nobility in England.
The East-West Schism of 1054 formally separated the Christian church into two parts. Pope Leo IX and Patriarch Michael I excommunicated each other over theological disputes regarding the filioque addition to the creed concerning the Holy Spirit.