Short answers, pulled from the story.
H. P. Lovecraft, born Howard Phillips Lovecraft on the 20th of August 1890 in Providence, Rhode Island, was an American writer of weird, horror, fantasy, and science fiction. He is best known for creating the Cthulhu Mythos and gave his name to the term Lovecraftian horror. He died on the 15th of March 1937 at the age of 46.
Cosmicism is the literary philosophy at the center of Lovecraft's fiction, holding that humanity is an insignificant force in a meaningless, mechanical, and uncaring universe. Lovecraft called himself a cosmic indifferentist, depicting powerful beings that are indifferent rather than malevolent toward humanity. He first articulated the philosophy in 1921.
Lovecraft's most popular works include The Call of Cthulhu, At the Mountains of Madness, The Shadow over Innsmouth, and The Shadow Out of Time. Other prominent works from his return to Providence include The Dream-Quest of Unknown Kadath and The Case of Charles Dexter Ward.
Lovecraft was virtually unknown during his lifetime because he was almost exclusively published in pulp magazines such as Weird Tales and was never able to support himself from his earnings as an author and editor. A scholarly revival of his work began in the 1970s, and he is now regarded as one of the most significant 20th-century authors of supernatural horror.
The Lovecraft Circle was a group of writers and friends linked through Lovecraft's voluminous correspondence, including Robert E. Howard, Clark Ashton Smith, and August Derleth. They borrowed one another's characters and themes with Lovecraft's encouragement. After his death, August Derleth founded Arkham House with Donald Wandrei to preserve and expand Lovecraft's works.
Lovecraft died of terminal cancer of the small intestine on the 15th of March 1937 in Providence. Because he feared doctors, he was not examined until about a month before his death. He kept a diary of his illness until he was physically unable to hold a pen, and was buried in Swan Point Cemetery.