Short answers, pulled from the story.
The German invasion of Belgium took place from the 10th to the 28th of May 1940, lasting 18 days. It was part of the broader Battle of France and ended with the surrender of the Belgian Army on the 28th of May 1940.
The Battle of Hannut, fought from the 12th to the 14th of May 1940, was the largest tank battle in history at the time, though later surpassed by engagements in North Africa and on the Eastern Front. It pitted General Rene Prioux's French Cavalry Corps, equipped with SOMUA S35 and Hotchkiss H35 tanks, against General Erich Hoepner's XVI Panzer-Motorized Corps near the Gembloux gap in Belgium.
German forces captured Fort Eben-Emael on the 10th of May 1940 using DFS 230 military gliders that landed directly on the fort's flat, unprotected roof. The assault force, called Sturmabteilung Koch after its commander Hauptmann Walter Koch, used Hohlladungwaffe hollow-charge explosives weighing 50 kg each to penetrate the Belgian gun turrets. The fort fell within 24 hours, marking the first strategic airborne operation in history.
Belgium declared neutrality in 1936 out of fear of being drawn into a war on France's or Britain's terms rather than its own. Belgian leaders distrusted French strategic intentions, having observed the unopposed remilitarisation of the Rhineland, and faced internal divisions between a pacifist socialist wing, a hostile Flemish Movement, and Walloon resistance to any strategy that might cede French-speaking territory to Germany.
The Mechelen Incident occurred on the 10th of January 1940, when German Army major Hellmuth Reinberger crash-landed a Messerschmitt Bf 108 near the Belgian village of Mechelen-aan-de-Maas while carrying the initial German invasion plans. The authentic plans were captured by Belgium, and Belgian intelligence predicted Germany would shift to a main thrust through the Ardennes, which was exactly the alternative plan being developed by Erich von Manstein. King Leopold III and General Van Overstraeten warned the French command on the 8th of March and the 14th of April 1940, but their warnings were ignored.
By May 1940, the Belgian Army fielded approximately 600,000 men, organised into 18 infantry divisions, two divisions of Chasseurs Ardennais, and two motorised cavalry divisions. The army possessed 1,338 artillery pieces but only 10 AMC 35 tanks, supplemented by 200 T-13 tank destroyers with 47 mm anti-tank guns and 42 T-15 fully tracked armoured vehicles.