When did the Peloponnesian War erupt between Athens and Sparta?
The Peloponnesian War erupted in 431 BC. This conflict drained resources and left Greece vulnerable to external threats.
Questions about European balance of power
Short answers, pulled from the story.
What happened during the Thirty Years War from 1618 until 1648 across Central Europe?
An estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died due to battle, famine, and disease. The Treaty of Westphalia ended the war and established new principles for state sovereignty.
Who managed to maintain balance of power for twenty years after 1871?
Otto von Bismarck managed to maintain balance of power for twenty years after 1871. He created complex alliances like the Triple Alliance between European nations.
Which countries formed the major European powers of the eighteenth century?
Austria, Prussia, Great Britain, and France formed the major European powers of the eighteenth century. These nations changed alliances multiple times throughout the century.
When did German lands divide into East Germany and West Germany until 1989?
German lands divided into East Germany and West Germany until 1989. Most Western Bloc countries joined the military alliance known as NATO.