Short answers, pulled from the story.
Elizabeth I was Queen of England and Ireland from the 17th of November 1558 until her death in 1603. She was the last and longest reigning monarch of the House of Tudor, and her reign gave its name to the Elizabethan era.
Elizabeth I was called the Virgin Queen because, despite numerous courtships, she never married and remained childless. Her unmarried status inspired a cult of virginity related to that of the Virgin Mary, and she insisted she was married to her kingdom and subjects.
Elizabeth I was the only surviving child of Henry VIII and his second wife, Anne Boleyn. When Elizabeth was two years old her parents' marriage was annulled, her mother was executed on the 19th of May 1536, and Elizabeth was declared illegitimate.
Mary, Queen of Scots was imprisoned in England for nineteen years and became the focus of Catholic plots against Elizabeth I. After the Babington Plot, Elizabeth sanctioned her trial, and Mary was beheaded at Fotheringhay Castle on the 8th of February 1587.
The Spanish Armada set sail on the 12th of July 1588, and Elizabeth I sent her navy under Francis Drake and Charles Howard. The fleet was defeated by miscalculation, misfortune, and an attack of English fire ships off Gravelines on the night of the 28th to the 29th of July.
Elizabeth I depended heavily on trusted advisers led by William Cecil, whom she created Baron Burghley. Her spymaster Francis Walsingham ran a secret service that uncovered conspiracies, and in her later years Burghley's son Robert Cecil led the government.
Elizabeth I died on the 24th of March 1603, aged 69, at Richmond Palace between two and three in the morning. She was succeeded by her first cousin twice removed, James VI of Scotland.