Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Congo Crisis began in 1960 following independence from Belgium and ended in 1965 when Joseph-Désiré Mobutu seized power. The period of political unrest spanned five years before Mobutu established a régime d'exception.
Patrice Lumumba served as Prime Minister until his dismissal by President Joseph Kasa-Vubu on the 5th of September 1960. He was captured at Lodi on the 1st of December 1960 and executed by Katangese troops near Élisabethville on the 17th of January 1961.
Lieutenant-General Émile Janssens ordered black non-commissioned officers to remain under white command without promotion changes on the 2nd of July 1960. This order triggered mutinies against white officers starting at Camp Hardy near Thysville on the 5th of July 1960.
The United Nations Security Council adopted Resolution 143 on July 14 calling for Belgian withdrawal and deploying nearly 20,000 men by 1961. UN troops launched Operation Grandslam to occupy Élisabethville on the 24th of December 1962 and helped suppress Kalonjist loyalists in Bakwanga on the 5th of November 1962.
Cuba sent a team of over 100 advisors led by Che Guevara to advise Simba rebels on tactics and doctrine in November 1964. The Simbas had captured Stanleyville and founded the People's Republic of the Congo with Christophe Gbenye as president.