Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Cairo Conference, codenamed Sextant, was a World War II summit meeting held from the 22nd to the 26th of November 1943 in Cairo, Egypt. It brought together US President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Chinese Chairman Chiang Kai-shek to plan a counterattack against Japan and shape post-war Asia.
The Cairo Declaration, issued on the 1st of December 1943, demanded Japan's unconditional surrender and the return of all territories taken from China after the September 18 Incident, including Manchuria, Formosa, and the Pescadores. It also declared that Korea would become free and independent in due course.
The Cairo Conference was held at the Cairo residence of Alexander Comstock Kirk, the American ambassador to Egypt, near the Giza pyramid complex, approximately 8 miles from the centre of Cairo.
Harry Hopkins, Roosevelt's special secretary, drafted the Cairo Declaration. Roosevelt then amended it and Churchill revised it before the final text was agreed upon and broadcast via radio on the 1st of December 1943.
Mountbatten presented three plans at Cairo: Operation Tarzan, a land attack on Burma by British and Chinese forces; Operation Musket, the capture of Cape Sumatra; and Operation Buccaneer, an amphibious assault on the Andaman Islands in the Bay of Bengal. Both Tarzan and Buccaneer were later cancelled after the Tehran Conference in December 1943.
The Cairo Conference established China's status as one of four world powers, placing Chiang Kai-shek on equal footing with Roosevelt and Churchill. It was the only wartime Allied leaders' conference in which China participated, and the Cairo Declaration's text has since been cited by the Chinese government in territorial disputes, including over the Senkaku Islands.