Short answers, pulled from the story.
The battle aimed to retake the Burma Road to allow China to receive vital supplies from the outside world during the Second Sino-Japanese War. Chinese Nationalist forces sought to eliminate a Japanese garrison that blocked the highway behind their line of advance.
Japanese forces constructed an extensive underground network of tunnels and bunkers beneath the mountain over a two-year period. These hidden pillboxes allowed defenders to move safely between positions while withstanding artillery strikes and US bombing runs.
Chinese forces retook the position after three months of battle using extended bombardment and several tons of U.S. TNT placed inside the tunnels. The collapse of these fortifications forced the defenders out of their hiding places and reopened the land route for aid.
Japanese sources list only one survivor, Captain Kinoshita, who escaped before the end of the siege. Chinese sources claim seven soldiers were captured, though discrepancies exist regarding other soldiers ordered out to communicate with high command or escape during the final days.
About 12 Japanese comfort women killed themselves towards the end of the siege while fighting alongside the garrison under orders from Senior Staff Officer Masanobu Tsuji. Five or six Korean comfort women were captured by Chinese and US forces and eventually repatriated.