Short answers, pulled from the story.
Ancient Egyptian funerary texts are a collection of religious documents used in ancient Egypt to help preserve the spirit of the dead in the afterlife. They evolved from the Pyramid Texts of the Old Kingdom through the Coffin Texts of the Middle Kingdom and into works such as the Book of the Dead in the New Kingdom and later periods.
The Pyramid Texts were originally reserved exclusively for the king. Towards the end of the Old Kingdom, they began to appear in the tombs of royal wives as well, but they remained an elite privilege throughout that period.
Nearly half of the spells in the Coffin Texts derive from those in the Pyramid Texts. The Coffin Texts were written on coffins beginning in the First Intermediate Period and extended access to funerary spells beyond the royal family.
The New Kingdom produced the Book of the Dead, the Amduat, the Spell of the Twelve Caves, the Book of Gates, the Book of the Netherworld, the Book of Caverns, the Book of the Earth, and the Litany of Re. Each text addressed distinct aspects of the afterlife journey.
The Books of the Sky are a set of funerary texts that emerged after the Amarna Period, centered on the sky goddess Nut. They depict the sun's nighttime journey into Nut's body and its rebirth each morning. The group includes the Book of Nut, the Book of the Day, the Book of the Night, and the Book of the Heavenly Cow. From the tomb of Ramesses IV onward, two of these books were typically placed together on the ceilings of royal tombs.
Yes. The Books of Breathing belong to the Late Period, and the Ptolemaic period produced the Book of Traversing Eternity, showing the tradition continued even when Greek rulers governed Egypt.