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— CH. 1 · ROMAN CAPITAL AND LOCAL RULE —

Persecution in Lyon

~2 min read · Ch. 1 of 5
5 sections
  • Lugdunum rose on the banks of the Rhone river in 43 BC. Lucius Munatius Plancus founded this Roman city as the capital of Gallia Lugdunensis. The emperor Claudius was born within these walls during the first century. By AD 177, the city served as a hub for the Three Gauls under Marcus Aurelius. Local governors held the power to manage religious disputes without imperial intervention. Caesars treated Christianity as a regional issue until the reign of Decius began in 249. A Christian refusal to sacrifice to Roman gods counted as subversive behavior. This local governance structure allowed sporadic outbreaks of violence across the province.

  • Eusebius preserved a letter written 150 years after the events in Palestine. The text describes correspondence between churches in Vienne and Lyon sent to Asia Minor. Irenaeus acted as a presbyter when he carried this message to Eleutherus. Eleutherus served as the bishop of Rome at that time. The document survived only through Eusebius's copy in his Ecclesiastical History book 5 chapter 1. Gregory of Tours later described the persecution in De Gloria martyrum during the sixth century. Christians awaiting martyrdom wrote the original missive before their deaths. The source remains untitled in its surviving version.

  • Christians faced exclusion from the marketplace and the forum by AD 177. They could not enter baths or appear in any public places without risk. Mob members mocked, beat, and robbed those who appeared outside private homes. Vandals destroyed the houses belonging to the Christian community. Pagan servants seized two slaves who falsely charged the group with incest and cannibalism. Accusers used terms like Thyestean banquets and Oedipean intercourse to describe these crimes. These charges targeted the core beliefs of the faith while inciting public hatred. Authorities questioned the accused in front of the populace within the forum.

  • The governor arrived at Lugdunum to interrogate prisoners before a crowd. He mistreated them so severely that Vettius Epagathus requested permission to testify. Vettius held high social standing as a Christian man in the city. The governor refused this request and arrested Vettius when he confessed his faith. Two pagan servants were seized during the proceedings and feared torture themselves. They lied about the Christians engaging in cannibalism and incest to save their own lives. All captives eventually died after enduring various forms of physical abuse. Some had recanted but later returned to the faith before execution.

  • Forty-eight victims perished at Lugdunum including half Greeks and half Gallo-Romans. Elderly Bishop Pothinus suffered beatings and scourging before dying in prison. A slave named Blandina faced extreme torture involving exposure on a stake. Beasts released upon her ignored her, allowing her return to the cell. She was then cast into a net and thrown before a bull. Attalus, Epipodius, Alexander, Maturus, and Sanctus also met death. Saint Ponticus was a fifteen-year-old boy who joined the martyrs. These figures represent the human cost of the local religious conflict.

Common questions

When did the persecution of Christians in Lugdunum occur?

The persecution of Christians in Lugdunum occurred by AD 177. This event took place while the city served as a hub for the Three Gauls under Marcus Aurelius.

Who founded the Roman city of Lugdunum on the banks of the Rhone river?

Lucius Munatius Plancus founded the Roman city of Lugdunum on the banks of the Rhone river in 43 BC. He established this location as the capital of Gallia Lugdunensis.

What false charges were brought against Christians during the persecution in Vienne and Lyon?

Accusers charged Christians with incest and cannibalism using terms like Thyestean banquets and Oedipean intercourse. These accusations targeted the core beliefs of the faith to incite public hatred.

How many victims perished at Lugdunum during the religious conflict of AD 177?

Forty-eight victims perished at Lugdunum including half Greeks and half Gallo-Romans. Elderly Bishop Pothinus died in prison after suffering beatings and scourging, while slave Blandina faced extreme torture before execution.