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World War II defensive lines

  • Gothic LineAdolf Hitler ordered the name of a German defensive line changed in June 1944. He feared that if Allied forces broke through, they would use the historic…
  • Spring 1945 offensive in ItalyField Marshal Sir John Dill died on the 5th of November, triggering a cascade of leadership changes that reshaped the Allied high command.
  • Mannerheim LineIn May 1918, Lieutenant Colonel A. Rappe presented a defensive line plan to Finnish high command just as the country emerged from civil war.
  • Maginot LineIn January 1923, French troops marched into the Ruhr region of Germany to enforce reparations payments. This occupation sparked a diplomatic crisis that…