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Theories of gravity

  • Cosmological constantIn 1917, Albert Einstein published a paper titled Cosmological considerations in the General Theory of Relativity. He added a specific term to his field…
  • Newton's law of universal gravitationOn the 5th of July 1687, Isaac Newton published his work Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica. This text combined his laws of motion with new…
  • Mach's principleErnst Mach published The Science of Mechanics in 1883, introducing a radical idea about motion. Before this book appeared, George Berkeley had written…
  • Unified field theoryIn 1864, James Clerk Maxwell published a paper that described electricity and magnetism as parts of one electromagnetic field.
  • History of gravitational theoryIn the 5th century BC, Leucippus proposed that a large group of atoms swirled as a vortex to create the cosmos. Smaller atoms became celestial bodies while…