Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Diolkos trackway stretched across the Isthmus of Corinth in Greece from around 600 BC. This paved path transported boats using wheeled vehicles pulled by men and animals until at least the 1st century AD.
Huntingdon Beaumont completed the Wollaton Wagonway in 1604 to transport coal from Strelley mines to Wollaton Lane End. Archaeological evidence confirmed similar systems near Keswick in the English Lake District around 1568.
Richard Trevithick ran a high-pressure steam locomotive on an L section plateway near Merthyr Tydfil in 1804. The machine broke the rails designed for horse wagon loads during three trips from Penydarren iron mines because smooth wheels could not obtain traction on smooth rails.
Mr Blenkinsop patented cogged wheels in 1811 to solve this adhesion problem after early steam engines failed on smooth rails. George Stephenson later built the locomotive Locomotion for the Stockton and Darlington Railway in 1825 which utilized both horse power and steam power.
Notable examples include the cable-hauled St Michael's Mount Tramway and the Reisszug which has been in continuous operation since around 1900. Passenger lines like the Douglas Bay Horse Tramway continue to run in specific locations while the San Francisco cable cars remain another example of these historic systems still functioning.