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Questions about Vikramashila

Short answers, pulled from the story.

Who founded Vikramashila university and when was it established?

Vikramashila was founded by Pala emperor Dharmapala, who ruled from 783 to 820 CE, in the late eighth or early ninth century. He established it in response to a perceived decline in scholarship at Nalanda, the older Buddhist institution.

How many students and teachers did Vikramashila have?

Vikramashila had more than one hundred teachers and approximately one thousand resident monks and students. The institution also employed roughly 108 senior scholars known as Panditas and around 160 professors or teachers.

When and how was Vikramashila destroyed?

Vikramashila was destroyed around 1193 by the forces of Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji. The destruction came as part of a broader series of raids that dismantled the major centres of Buddhism in eastern India.

What was the most important subject taught at Vikramashila?

The most important branch of learning at Vikramashila was Buddhist tantra. The university also taught philosophy, grammar, metaphysics, and Indian logic, and it served as a major centre for Vajrayana practice.

Who were the famous scholars associated with Vikramashila?

Notable scholars include Atisha Dipankara, a founder of the Sarma traditions of Tibetan Buddhism, as well as Naropa, Ratnākaraśānti, Jñanasrimitra, Haribhadra, and Śākyaśrībhadra, who served as the last abbot. Durjayachandra collaborated with the Tibetan translator Rinchen Zangpo.

Where are the ruins of Vikramashila located and what has been excavated?

The ruins of Vikramashila are located at Antichak village near Kahalgaon in Bhagalpur district, Bihar, India. Excavations conducted by Patna University from 1960 to 1969 and the Archaeological Survey of India from 1972 to 1982 uncovered a square monastery with 208 cells, a cruciform stupa about 15 metres high, and a library building with a passive cooling system.