Short answers, pulled from the story.
The first recorded Viking raid on the British Isles took place in 789, when three ships from Hordaland (in modern Norway) landed on the Isle of Portland on the southern coast of Wessex and killed the royal reeve Beaduheard. The first monastery attacked was Lindisfarne, raided on the 8th of June, 793.
The Great Heathen Army was a large coalition of predominantly Danish Viking bands that united and landed in East Anglia in 865. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle named its leaders as Ivar the Boneless and Halfdan Ragnarsson. It went on to capture York in 866 and eventually established Viking-controlled territory known as the Danelaw.
The Danelaw was the area of northern and eastern England that came under Viking political control following the campaigns of the Great Heathen Army. It was formally established when Halfdan Ragnarsson distributed Northumbrian land south of the Tees among his men in 876. Its boundaries were set by the Treaty of Alfred and Guthrum after Alfred's victory at the Battle of Edington in May 878.
Eric Bloodaxe, known formally as Eirik Haraldsson, was the last Norse king of Northumbria. He became king of Northumbria in 947 and was expelled for the second and final time by King Eadred of Wessex in 954.
The England runestones are a group of about 30 runestones in Sweden that record Viking Age voyages to England. The vast majority, 27, are located in Sweden, with 17 of those clustered around Lake Malaren on the east coast. They were engraved in Old Norse using the Younger Futhark script.
The Viking Age in Britain is considered to have ended with the Battle of Stamford Bridge in 1066, when King Harold Godwinson defeated the Norwegian king Harald Hardrada, who had invaded with 300 longships and 10,000 soldiers and was killed in the battle along with most of his men.