Short answers, pulled from the story.
Thomas T. Goldsmith Jr. and Estle Ray Mann created the first electronic game in 1947. They filed a patent for a cathode-ray tube amusement device that used paper targets fixed to the screen. This analog device was issued as U.S. Patent 2455992 on the 14th of December 1948.
The Magnavox Odyssey was released in 1972 as the first home video game console. Ralph H. Baer devised the system while working at Sanders Associates in 1966. Magnavox commercialized the technology known as the Brown Box prototype.
The North American home video game market crashed in 1983. Revenues dropped from around 3.2 billion dollars in 1983 to 100 million dollars by 1985. Nintendo helped to revitalize the industry with the release of the Nintendo Entertainment System in North America in 1985.
The first printed use of the term video game emerged around 1973. The Oxford English Dictionary cites a the 10th of November 1973 BusinessWeek article as the first printed use of the term. A letter dated the 10th of July 1972 also contains the term used by Nolan Bushnell.
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in the landmark case Brown v. Entertainment Merchants Association in 2011. The ruling established that video games were a protected form of speech with artistic merit. This decision cemented the view that video games were an art form.
The global video game industry generated estimated revenues of over 175 billion dollars in 2020. Mobile games accounted for the bulk of this with a 48% share of the market. Console games followed at 28% and personal computer games at 23%.