Short answers, pulled from the story.
The French National Assembly voted to end the Third Republic and grant full powers to 84-year-old Marshal Philippe Pétain on the 10th of July 1940. This vote took place in the quiet spa town of Vichy and effectively ended French democracy through a deliberate dismantling of the constitutional order.
Philippe Pétain launched an ideological campaign known as the Révolution nationale which sought to reverse the liberal policies of the Third Republic and restore traditional values. The regime replaced Marianne with Joan of Arc and rewrote school textbooks to declare that Joan's voices were literal history while suppressing political and social freedoms.
At least 72,500 Jews were deported from Vichy France and killed in Nazi concentration camps during the Holocaust in France. Most of these victims were foreigners while about 24,000 Jews of French origin were also targeted by the regime's voluntary antisemitic policies.
The French fleet was scuttled in Toulon on the 27th of November 1942 to prevent its capture by the Axis powers. This act of defiance occurred after the German occupation of southern France in Operation Anton which ended the armistice and the pretence of independence.
The Vichy government fled into exile in Sigmaringen in September 1944 where it existed as a forced government-in-exile until the end of the war. The last of the Vichy exiles were captured in April 1945 before the Provisional Government of the French Republic was installed as the new national government.