Short answers, pulled from the story.
The United States Army Air Forces was created on the 20th of June 1941 as a successor to the United States Army Air Corps. It existed until the 18th of September 1947, when the National Security Act of 1947 abolished it and established the independent United States Air Force.
The AAF reached its peak size of more than 2.4 million men and women in March 1944. At its height the force operated from more than 1,600 airfields worldwide and maintained a peak aircraft inventory of nearly 80,000 aircraft in July 1944.
General Henry H. Arnold served as Commanding General of the Army Air Forces throughout most of the war. He was given a seat on the Joint Chiefs of Staff shortly after Pearl Harbor, and his title was changed to Commanding General, Army Air Forces effective the 9th of March 1942. Carl Spaatz replaced Arnold in February 1946 after Arnold was forced to retire due to ill health.
AWPD/1 was a global air strategy produced on the 13th of August 1941 by the Air War Plans Division, completed in nine days. It called for strategic bombing of 154 key German economic targets using 6,800 bombers. Despite planning errors, its forecast figures came within two percent of the units and 5.5 percent of the personnel ultimately mobilized, and it accurately predicted the timing of the Allied invasion of Europe.
The Tuskegee Airmen trained at a flight training center established at the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama under a segregated program that General Arnold agreed to in 1940. The program produced 673 Black fighter pilots, 253 B-26 Marauder pilots, and 132 navigators. They distinguished themselves in combat with the 332nd Fighter Group.
Total aircraft losses for the AAF from December 1941 to August 1945 were 65,164, with 43,581 lost overseas and 21,583 within the continental United States. Combat losses totaled 22,948 worldwide, including 18,418 lost in theaters fighting Germany and 4,530 lost in the Pacific.
Congress enacted the National Security Act of 1947 on the 26th of July 1947, creating the Department of the Air Force and abolishing both the Army Air Forces and the Air Corps, effective the 18th of September 1947. President Truman had advocated publicly for the change on the 19th of December 1945, and a Joint Chiefs of Staff committee recommended it after concluding the statutory Air Force would simply recognize what had already evolved in practice during the war.