Short answers, pulled from the story.
Tudor Royal Progresses were official royal tours through England used by Tudor monarchs to consolidate their authority and display their presence to subjects across the kingdom. They served military, diplomatic, and ceremonial purposes. The practice began with Henry VII in March 1486 and ended with Elizabeth I's final journey to Harefield in August 1602.
The first Tudor Royal Progress began in March 1486, when Henry VII left London on a circuit through Lincoln, Nottingham, and York. He had been crowned in November 1485 and married Elizabeth of York in January 1486 before embarking on the journey. The progress took him as far north as York, where he dispersed a Yorkist rising led by Lord Lovell, and as far west as Bristol.
Henry VII used his early royal progresses to suppress rebellions and consolidate his hold on the crown after the Wars of the Roses. His 1486 progress took him north to York, where he dispersed a Yorkist rising led by Lord Lovell. His 1487 progress allowed him to defeat the pretender Lambert Simnel at the Battle of Stoke Field and open negotiations with James IV of Scotland at Newcastle.
The Field of the Cloth of Gold was a royal meeting between Henry VIII and Francis I of France, held from the 7th of June to the 24th of June 1520 in a valley between English and French territory near Calais. Both courts gathered for discussions, jousts, and dancing as part of diplomacy connected to the Treaty of London of 1518. After the meeting, Henry and Katherine of Aragon traveled to Gravelines on the 10th of July to conclude a separate treaty of friendship with Charles V.
The Great Northern Progress of 1541 was Henry VIII's first royal visit to Yorkshire since Henry VII's progress there in 1487. Henry planned to meet his nephew James V of Scotland in York to negotiate peace between the two kingdoms, but James V did not arrive. The court traveled via Lincoln, arriving in York on the 16th of September, before moving on to Leconfield and Hull, departing on the 6th of October.
Elizabeth I went on a royal progress every year of her reign, insisting her court accompany her each spring and summer. Her circuits ranged from short loops near London to extended visits including Cambridge in 1564, Oxford in 1566, East Anglia in 1578, and Surrey, Sussex, and Hampshire in 1591. Her final progress, to Harefield, took place in August 1602. She died in March 1603.