Short answers, pulled from the story.
Trip hop is a genre defined as a psychedelic fusion of hip-hop and electronica, characterised by slow tempos and an atmospheric sound. It emerged from the Bristol soundsystem scene of the late 1980s and early 1990s, drawing on Jamaican dub, jazz, soul, funk, and breakbeat.
Music journalist Andy Pemberton coined the term in the June 1994 issue of the UK magazine Mixmag. He used it to describe "In/Flux", a 1993 single by San Francisco producer DJ Shadow and UK act RPM, which was signed to Mo' Wax Records.
DJ Milo (Milo Johnson, also known as DJ Nature) was the founding member of the Wild Bunch and is generally accepted as the creator of the Bristol sound. The crew also included at various times Robert "3D" Del Naja, Andrew "Mushroom" Vowles, Grant "Daddy G" Marshall, Nellee Hooper, and Adrian "Tricky Kid" Thaws, who later formed the core of Massive Attack.
Portishead's debut album Dummy won the Mercury Music Prize in 1995 as the best British album of the year. The prize gave trip hop its greatest mainstream exposure up to that point.
Released in 1995 and produced largely with Mark Saunders, Maxinquaye was built on whispered, abstract stream-of-consciousness lyrics far removed from gangsta-rap braggadocio. Many of its solo songs were sung entirely by Martina Topley-Bird, including a re-imagining of Public Enemy's 1988 song "Black Steel in the Hour of Chaos".
Born to Die, released in 2012 and containing a string of trip hop ballads, topped charts in eleven countries including Australia, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom. According to the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry, it had sold 3.4 million copies worldwide as of 2013.